DEVPSYCH

Sigmund Freud

Psychosexual Theory

Erik Erikson

Psychosocial Theory

Jean Piaget

Cognitive Development Theory

Lawrence Kohlberg

Theory of Moral Development

Urie Bronfenbrenner

Ecological Systems Theory

Lev Vygotsky

Sociocultural Theory

John Bowlby & Mary Ainsworth

Attachment Theory

Margaret Mahler

Separation-Individuation Theory

James Marcia

Identity Status Theory

Ivan Pavlov

Classical Conditioning

Burrhus Frederic Skinner (BF Skinner)

Operant Conditioning

Edward Thorndike

Law of Effect

Albert Bandura

Social Learning Theory

Edward O. Wilson

Evolutionary Theory

Harry Stack Sullivan

Interpersonal Theory

Karen Horney

Theories of Neurotic Needs

Alfred Adler

Individual Psychology

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

known for General Will

John Locke

known for Tabula Rasa

Harry Harlow

known for Monkey Experiment

John B. Watson

known for Little Albert Experiment

Carol Gilligan

Theory of Moral Development of Women

Robert Sternberg

Triangular Theory of Love

Melanie Klein

Object Relations

Heinz Kohut

Self-Psychology

Elisabeth Kubler-Ross

Grief Cycle

Francis Galton

Eugenics

Confluence Theory

Family Intellectual environment affects IQ

Resource Theory

Family resources influence development

Psychosexual Theory

Personality develops through stages focused on different erogenous zones — parts of the body that are sources of pleasure.

Stages of Psychosexual Theory

Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, Genital

Key conflict in Oral Stage

Weaning

Key conflict in Anal Stage

Toilet Training

Key conflict in Phallic Stage

Oedipus/ Electra Complex

Key conflict in Latency Stage

Social Development

Key conflict in Genital Stage

Intimate Relationship

Fixation of Oral Stage

Oral-Passive (overeating, smoking, dependence
Oral-aggressive (sarcasm, chewing, verbal hostility)

Fixation of Anal Stage

Anal-retentive (Obsessively clean, stubborn, perfectionist)
Anal-expulsive (Messy, reckless, disorganized)

Fixation of Phallic Stage

Gulit, Vanity, Sexual Identity Issues

Fixation of Latency Stage

Poor Social Skills

Fixation of Genital Stage

Difficulty with Relationships

Psychosocial Development Theory

At every stage of life, individuals face a psychosocial crisis (a challenge or conflict)

Crisis during Infancy (0-1)

Trust vs Mistrust

Crisis during Early Childhood (1-3)

Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt

Crisis during Preschool (3-6)

Initiative vs Guilt

Crisis during School Age (6-12)

Industry vs Inferiority

Crisis during Adolescence (12-18)

Identity vs Role Confusion

Crisis during Young Adulthood (19-40)

Intimacy vs Isolation

Cisis during Middle Adulthood (40-65)

Generativity vs Stagnation

Crisis during Late Adulthood (65+)

Integrity vs Despair

Virtue in resolving Trust vs Mistrust

Hope

Virtue in resolving Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt

Will

Virtue in resolving Initiative vs Guilt

Purpose

Virtue in resolving Industry vs Inferiority

Competence

Virtue in resolving Identity vs Role Confusion

Fidelity

Virtue in resolving Intimacy vs Isolation

Love

Virtue in resolving Generativity vs Stagnation

Care

Virtue in resolving Integrity vs Despair

Wisdom

8 Crisis in Psychosocial Development Theory

• Trust vs. Mistrust

• Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt

• Initiative vs. Guilt

• Industry vs. Inferiority

• Identity vs. Role Confusion

• Intimacy vs. Isolation

• Generativity vs. Stagnation

• Integrity vs. Despair

8 Virtues in Psychosocial Development Theory

Hope, Will, Purpose, Competence, Fidelity, Love, Care, Wisdom

Cognitive Development Theory

Children actively construct knowledge

4 Stages of Cognitive Developmental Theory

Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete Operational, Formal Operational

Key Milestone of Sensorimotor (0-2)

Object Permanence

Key Milestone of Preoperational (2-7)

Egocentrism, Centration, Animism, Pretend Play

Key Milestone of Concrete Operational (7-11)

Conservation, Reversibility, Decentration

Key Milestone of Formal Operational (12+)

Abstract Reasoning

Moral Development Theory

How people reason about what’s right and wrong, not just what they think is right or wrong.

Three Levels of Moral Development Theory

Preconventional, Conventional, Postconventional