Monocular and Binocular Cues

Monocular cues

depth cues, such as interposition and linear perspective available to either eye alone

Binocular cues

depth cues, such as retinal disparity and convergence that depend on the use of two eyes

Relative Size

If we assume 2 objects are similar in size, we perceive the one that casts the smaller retinal image as farther away (monocular)

Interposition

If one object partially blocks the view of another, we perceive that that one is closer (monocular)

Relative Clarity

perceiving hazy objects as farther away than sharp, clear objects (monocular)

Texture Gradient

changing from a distinct texture to an indistinct texture signals increasing distance (objects farther away seem more densely packed) (monocular)

Relative Height

Objects higher in our vision field are perceived as farther away (monocular)

Relative Motion

as we move, objects that are stable may appear larger? (monocular)

retinal disparity

by comparing images from the two eyeballs, the brain computes distance. The greater the disparity between the two objects, the closer the object

Convergence

In order to perceive depth properly, both eyes most converge inwards a bit