atom that gains one or more electrons (negative charge)
23
New cards
Cation
atom that loses one or more electrons (positive charge)
24
New cards
Neutron
neutral subatomic particles
25
New cards
Hydrogen bond
weak bonds that form when a hydrogen atom is attracted by another electronegative atom.
26
New cards
Proton
subatomic particle with a positive charge
27
New cards
Energy
the capacity to do work; stored or kinetic energy. No mass cannot be measured. put matter into motion.
28
New cards
Polar covalent bond
electron density is unevenly shared between two atoms
29
New cards
Matter
anything that occupies space and has mass; substance composing physical objects.
30
New cards
Atom
the smallest particle of an elemental substance that exhibits the properties of that element. Protons, neutrons, electrons.
31
New cards
Ionic Bond
a chemical bond formed by electron transfer between atoms.
32
New cards
Molecule
a particle consisting of 2 or more atoms joined by chemical bonds.
33
New cards
Endoplasmic Reticulum
storage and modification area for proteins, mini-transport
34
New cards
Nucleosomes
dense bodies that store ribosomes
35
New cards
Ribosomes
facilitate protein making
36
New cards
Golgi Bodies
cellular packaging site for exported substances
37
New cards
Lysosomes
suicide sacs, digestive enzymes
38
New cards
Centrioles
broad shaped bodies that spin the spindle
39
New cards
Mitochondria
power house, ATP
40
New cards
Cytoplasm
where most organelles are found
41
New cards
Plasma membrane
external cell boundary, confines contents
42
New cards
Nucleus
control center of the cell, contains DNA
43
New cards
Chromosomes
dna bound to protein that appears as strands
44
New cards
Adipose
largest cells in the body incapable of cell division, make up 90% of tissue mass, rich in vascularity, metabolic activity.
45
New cards
Blood
hemocytoblast. fluid within blood vessels. atypical connective tissue. develops from mesenchyme.
46
New cards
Dense Regular CT
packed bundles of collagen fibers running in same direction, forms tendons and ligaments, gives tissue flexibility and resistance to pulling forces. forms aponeuroses.
47
New cards
Hyaline Cartilage
resistant to wear and tear. covers ends of long bones.
48
New cards
Mesenchyme
first tissue formed, eventually specializes into all other connective tissues. embryonic CT
49
New cards
Immune
Red bone marrow, thymus, spleen: protects the body with antibodies.
50
New cards
Oral cavity
mouth containing the teeth and tongue
51
New cards
Nasal Cavity
nose
52
New cards
Orbital Cavity
house the eyes
53
New cards
middle ear cavity
tiny bones of the ear
54
New cards
synovial cavity
enclosed within fibrous capsules that surround the freely movable joints of the body.
55
New cards
dorsal body cavity
located nearer to the dorsal or posterior surface of the body
56
New cards
cranial cavity
within which the brain is enclosed by the skull
57
New cards
vertebral cavity
forms a body enclosure around spinal chord
58
New cards
ventral cavity
anterior and larger body cavity
59
New cards
viscera
group of internal organs housed in ventral cavity
60
New cards
thoracic cavity
is surrounded by ribs and muscles of chest
61
New cards
pleural cavity
housing the lungs
62
New cards
pericardial cavity
encloses the heart
63
New cards
mediastinum
remaining thoracic organs
64
New cards
abdominopelvic
stomach
65
New cards
superior(cranial)
toward head or upper body
66
New cards
inferior(caudal)
toward the lower part of body
67
New cards
anterior(ventral)
at the front of body
68
New cards
posterior(dorsal)
at back of body
69
New cards
medial
midline of body
70
New cards
lateral
away from midline, outer side
71
New cards
intermediate
a structure between a medial and lateral
72
New cards
proximal
closer to the origin of body part
73
New cards
distal
farther from the origin of body part
74
New cards
superficial
at body surface
75
New cards
deep
more internal
76
New cards
Negative feedback
increase in output and decrease in input. variable change in an opposite direction of initial change: thermostat, temp regulation , blood glucose levels, heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen.
77
New cards
Positive feedback
result or response of the mechanism. enhances stimulus, activity is accelerated: blood clotting, and labor contractions
78
New cards
Sagittal Plane
runs longitudinally and divides the body or organ into right and left portions (midsagittal- symmetrical and equal)
79
New cards
Frontal Plane
longitudinally divides body into anterior and posterior (coronal plane)
80
New cards
Transverse Plane
Horizontally divides body into superior and inferior parts