Biol 2011 - Quiz 7
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Last updated 6:03 AM on 4/5/23
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160 Terms
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central nervous system CNS
brain + spinal cord
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peripheral nervous system PNS
everything else (cranial and peripheral nerves)
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nervous system
the brain, spinal cord, and nerves are the organs
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general function
sensory → receives stimuli via receptors
integration → relays sensory input to the CNS
motor → sends signals to the effectors that respond to the initial stimulus
the tissues comprising the nervous system are composed of neurons, supporting cells, and connective tissues. neurons are the only cells that functions in communication
integration → relays sensory input to the CNS
motor → sends signals to the effectors that respond to the initial stimulus
the tissues comprising the nervous system are composed of neurons, supporting cells, and connective tissues. neurons are the only cells that functions in communication
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nuclei of neuroglia cells
small dark purple dots
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the spinal cord starts at the
foramen magnum
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where it joins to the most inferior part of the brain the
medulla oblongata
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cervical enlargement
here the cord is thicker because of the additional neurons needed to service the shoulder/arm
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lumbar enlargement
needed to service the hip/leg
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conus medullaris
cone shaped end of spinal cord
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filum terminale
single, fibrous strand that attaches end of spinal cord to coccyx
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meninges
brain and spinal cord enclosed in three membranes
dura mater → superficial
arachnoid matter
pia mater → deepest
CNS ‘floats’ in cerebrospinal fluid that fills the subarachnoid space
dura mater → superficial
arachnoid matter
pia mater → deepest
CNS ‘floats’ in cerebrospinal fluid that fills the subarachnoid space
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cn I
olfactory (smell)
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cn II
optic (vision)
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cn III
oculomotor (eye muscle, pupil constriction)
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cn IV
trochlear (one extrinsic eye muscle)
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cn V
trigeminal (face, nasal cavity, chewing)
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cn VI
abducens (one extrinsic eye muscle)
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cn VII
facial (facial expression, tears)
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cn VIII
vestibulocochlear (hearing and balance)
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cn IX
glossopharyngeal (taste, pressure, pain)
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cn X
vagus (taste, swallowing, fullness, speech)
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cn XI
accessory (soft plate, pharynx)
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cn XII
hypoglossal (tongue)
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brain ventricles
these are 4 cavities within the brain filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
lateral ventricles → the largest ventricle; located just below the corpus callosum
third ventricle
cerebral aqueduct
fourth ventricle
central canal
lateral ventricles → the largest ventricle; located just below the corpus callosum
third ventricle
cerebral aqueduct
fourth ventricle
central canal
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general neuron structure
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1
cell body (soma)
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general neuron structure
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2
dendrites
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general neuron structure
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3
nissl bodies
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general neuron structure
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4
nucleus
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general neuron structure
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5
trigger zone
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general neuron structure
5a
5a
axon hillock
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general neuron structure
5b
5b
intitial segment
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general neuron structure
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6
axon
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general neuron structure
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7
nodes of ranvier
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general neuron structure
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8
schwann cells of myelin sheath
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general neuron structure
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9
synaptic knob
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general neuron structure
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10
axon collateral
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giant multipolar neurons
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nucleus
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giant multipolar neurons
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2
cell processes
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spinal cord and spinal nerves
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1
occipital bone
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spinal cord and spinal nerves
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2
brainstem
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spinal cord and spinal nerves
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3
cervical enlargement
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spinal cord and spinal nerves
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4
lumbar enlargement
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spinal cord and spinal nerves
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5
conus medullaris
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spinal cord and spinal nerves
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6
filum terminale
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spinal cord and spinal nerves
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7
cauda equina
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cross section of the spinal cord
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1
spinal meninges
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cross section of the spinal cord
1a
1a
dura mater
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cross section of the spinal cord
1b
1b
arachnoid mater
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cross section of the spinal cord
1c
1c
pia mater
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cross section of the spinal cord
2
2
epidural space
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cross section of the spinal cord
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3
subdural space
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cross section of the spinal cord
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4
subarachnoid space
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cross section of the spinal cord
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5
spinal nerve
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cross section of the spinal cord
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6
dorsal root ganglion
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cross section of the spinal cord
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7
dorsal root
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cross section of the spinal cord
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8
ventral root
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cross section of the spinal cord
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9
white matter
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cross section of the spinal cord
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10
gray matter
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cross section of the spinal cord
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vertebral artery
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cross section of the spinal cord
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12
dorsal horn of gray matter
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cross section of the spinal cord
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13
lateral horn of gray matter
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cross section of the spinal cord
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ventral horn of gray matter
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cross section of the spinal cord
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15
gray commissure
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cross section of the spinal cord
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central canal
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cross section of the spinal cord
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anterior median nerve
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cross section of the spinal cord
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sympathetic chain ganglia
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nervous tissue histology
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1
white matter
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nervous tissue histology
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2
dorsal horn
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nervous tissue histology
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3
ventral horn
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nervous tissue histology
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gray commissure
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nervous tissue histology
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5
central canal
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brain structures
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1
gyri (sing. gyrus)
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brain structures
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2
sulci (sing. sulcus)
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brain structures
3
3
central sulcus
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brain structures
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4
lateral horn
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brain structures
5
5
frontal lobe
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brain structures
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6
parietal lobe
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brain structures
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7
occipital lobe
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brain structures
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8
temporal lobe
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brain structures
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cerebellum
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brain structures
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10
brain stem
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brain structures
10a
10a
pons
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brain structures
10b
10b
medulla oblongata
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brain structures
11
11
spinal cord
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cerebral hemispheres
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1
central sulcus
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cerebral hemispheres
2
2
longitudinal fissure
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cerebral hemispheres
3
3
frontal lobe
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cerebral hemispheres
4
4
parietal lobe
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cerebral hemispheres
5
5
occipital lobe
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cerebral hemispheres
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6
temporal lobe
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cerebral hemispheres
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pons
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cerebral hemispheres
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medulla oblongata
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cerebral hemispheres
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cerebellum
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cerebral hemispheres
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10
olfactory bulbs of the olfactory nerve (CN I)
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cerebral hemispheres
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olfactory tracts of CN I
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cerebral hemispheres
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pituitary gland
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cerebral hemispheres
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optic chiasm and optic nerve (CN II)
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sagittal section
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1
cerebral cortex (gray matter)
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sagittal section
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2
gyrus
Note 
Flashcards (94)