Progressive Era

What is the age requirement to be a president

over 35

Where do you have to be born to become a president

US born citizen // “Natural Born Citizen”

Minimum amount of years living in the United States to become president

14 years

TR’s background is…

Wealthy, privileged NY elite family

In TR’s childhood, he suffered from…

bad eyesight and asthma

TR was a renaissance man meaning

broad knowledge in science, history, law, and nature

TR is resilient because

TR lost his wife and mother on the same day

How was TR civic

was the police chief NYC because he had connections with Riis

What war created a presidency opportunity for TR

Spanish American War

Who are the rough riders

defeated the spanish through yellow press

what did the yellow press do

emphasized sensationalism over facts

TR was the governor for..

New York

How did TR become the vice president

forced to become vice president by McKinley in the 1900s

TR presidency started due to

Mckinley’s assassination in 1901 and TR became the youngest president

“When Roosevelt attends a wedding, he wants to be the bride. When he attends a funeral, he wants to be the corpse.”

TR always wants to be the center of attention

TR view as president

loose constructionist

loose constructionist

view of the Constitution that unless it is strictly forbidden by the constitution then it is constitutional

what is the square deal

TR view that presidents must promote fairness to every citizen (honest dealer of cards)

Bully Pulprit means

the president has an elevated position from which to preach his ideas

How did TR view presidency

as the center of government power

What did the Sherman Antitrust Act do

Law that outlawed monopolies (trust)

How are monopolies powerful

have complete control over the price and wont settle for less than what they have in mind

Northern Securities Trust

“Holding company” bought majority of stock in another company and thereby controlled it

Example of Northern Security Trust

RR monopoly controlled by JP Morgan hidden behind an investment company and controlled RR shipping prices

TR sued Morgan by the

Sherman antitrust act and broke up Morgan’s company

What is this picture stating

TR fighting with the RR companies and being stronger and more powerful than the RR monopolies

What is the Anthracite Coal Strike

Strike of coal miners of PA

Why did the miners go on strike

worked 10 hrs with little pay

what did the miners wants

8hr work day and 20% pay raise

George Baer was the…

president of the anthracite coal company

George Baer believed in “Divine rights of bosses” meaning…

those changes are appointed by god and cannot be questioned

George Baer had what reaction to the strike

George locked out strikers

What threat did TR make towards Baer

TR threatened to nationalize mines unless Baer negotiated

Outcome from the Anthracite Coal Strike of 1902

9hr work day and 10% pay raise (TR’s threat worked)

TR is the teacher who is trying to get all everyone back in line

TR’s view that a president must promote fairness for every citizen

square deal 

Economic system characterized by competition, profit, private ownership of business

capitalism

When ONE business destroys the competition and becomes the sole controller of a market

monopoly

What qualifications does the Constitution require to be president

have to live in the us for 14 years, born in the us, be a natural born american citizen

Law that TR said JP Morgan violated in the Northern Securities v US Case

sherman antitrust 

TR’s term that president has an elevated position from which to preach his ideas

bully pulpit 

Qualities emphasized in TR’s speech, The Strenuous Life

manliness

TR’s army made him famous for storming San Juan Hill (Cuba) and defeating Spanish through Yellow Press

rough riders 

Who is Upton Sinclair

Democratic socialist muckraker

What is The Jungle about

novel of a immigrant working in the Chicago meatpacking industry and exposed labor and unsanitary conditions

How did TR use Bully Puplrit in reaction to the Jungle

to push laws to protect American Consumers

What laws came in place because of the Jungle

meat inspection act of 1906 and pure food and drug act of 1906

TR view on the environment

TR deeply appreciated nature

Who is John Muir

Preservationist

what is a Preservationist

believed in protecting nature by preventing human use

Who is Gifford Pinchot

Conservationist

What is a Conservationist

believing in proper use and management of natural resources

what does this picture mean

shows the idea of TR passing on his presidency onto Woodrow Wilson

What did TR do in retirement

wanted to travel the world and kill exotic animals

Who is WIlliam Howard Taft

Handpicked by TR, republican candidate in 1912

Taft’s political view

politcally moderate, hears the left and the right out

What did Taft do to tariffs

increased tariffs

Taft’s constitutional view

Strict Constructionist

what is a Strict Constructionist

only does what the constitution explicitly states

Who is Woodrow Wilson

Democratic candidate in 1912

What experience in leadership did Wilson have

President of Princeton university

what was Wilson’s education?

PHD in history from John Hopkins University

What was Wilson’s political philosophy

Very liberal

What was Wilson’s goal for monopolies

eliminate monopolies

What would eliminating monopolies do?

Government would have basically all control over the industries

What did WIlson want to do with tariffs

reduce tariffs

Theodore Roosevelt

Leader of the Progressive Party

What is the progressive party

third party formed from republicans

Theodore’s political views

left leaned liberal

Theodore’s monopoly plans

regulation on monopolies

Theodore helped end

child labor and women’s suffrage

Results of the 1912 election

Woodrow Wilson won

How did the results of the election end in the way it did

republican voters divided between Taft and TR

Every canidate in the 1912 election was

progressive

the 1912 candidates did not support

laissez-faire policies

How did Wilson reform the Tariff

reduced tariffs by 30%

What tax did WIlson insist on creating

Graduated Income Tax

How did Wilson reform the banks

Federal Reserve System

what is the Federal Reserve System

requires banks to keep portion of their deposits in federal reserve banks

What is FED

A bank for banks

the FED provided

loans of money to commercial banks with interest and provides signals to consumers

What did Graduated Income Tax do

1% income about 4$k and affected riches 3%

What was the 18th amendment’s goal

prohibit sale, distribution, and the manufacturing of alcohol

Compromise of 1877

Northern soldiers leave the south and the south treats the African Americans like shit

Jim Crow Laws

Southern states laws which segregated whites and blacks

what does anti-miscegenation mean

illegal for black and whites to get married

What did the the south do to prevent blacks from voting

made a literacy test that was impossible to pass

what does equal protection mean

guarantees equal protection under the law

What was the Plessy v Ferguson case about

Homer Plessy was arrested for sitting in white only train (civil disobedience)

How is was Jim Crow Laws claimed to be violating equal protection

the 14th amendment

How did court claim segregation was not a violation of equal protection

they were seen as “seperate but equal”

What is Lynching

method of torture, murder, and terror of accused person by hanging

What is extrajudical

no due process of law

The legalization of of segregation

Plessy v Ferguson

Guarantees equal protection

14 amendment