Blood Vessels

Aorta

Largest arterial trunk that carries blood throughout the whole body

Aorta

Ascending Aorta

Branches off the left ventricle; carries oxygen rich blood to parts of the body above the heart

Ascending Aorta

Descending Aorta

deep to the inferior vena cava; the largest artery of the body; carries blood away from the heart down the midline of the body

Descending Aorta

Thoracic Aorta

part of the aorta the descends from the aortic arch through the thorax to the diaphragm

Abdominal Aorta

lower descending aorta, takes blood to lower trunk and legs

Brachiocephalic Trunk

The first large artery arising from the aortic arch. It carries oxygenated blood to the neck, head, and right forelimb.

Brachiocephalic Trunk

Common Carotid Arteries

Main arteries that supply blood to the head, face, and neck.

Internal Carotid Arteries

These arteries are the lateral branches of common carotid arteries. They carry blood to the brain.

Internal Carotid Arteries

External Carotid Arteries

supply blood to the face, scalp, and neck

Ophthalmic Arteries

supply the eyes, orbits, forehead, and nose with oxygenated blood

Superficial Temporal Arteries

Supplies the superficial temporal scalp.

Maxillary Arteries

provide blood to the muscles of mastication, teeth, palate, and nasal cavity

Occipital Arteries

Facial Arteries

branch from the external carotid to supply the face

Vertebral Artery

Supplies blood to the spinal column and brain.

Subclavian Arteries

carry oxygenated blood from the aorta to the arms

Axillary Arteries

Continuation of subclavian arteries. Carry blood to armpit, shoulder, and forelimb.

Brachial Arteries

continuations of the axillary arteries along each humerus. They bifurcate into smaller arteries in the hands. Common site for measuring blood pressure.

Radial Arteries

major artery of the arm distal to the elbow joint

Ulnar Arteries

terminal branch of brachial artery that runs along medial surface of forearm into the wrist and hand

Deep Palmar Arch

An artery that is considered to be the continuation

of the radial artery is the

Superficial Palmar Arch

Digital Arteries

emerge from the arches to supply the fingers

Superior Phrenic Artery

branch of the thoracic aorta; supplies blood to the superior surface of the diaphragm

Internal Thoracic Arteries

Branch from subclavian arteries and supply mammary glands and intercostal muscles

Lateral Thoracic Arteries

originates in the axilliary artery

-supplies the pectoralis major, serratus anterior muscle, and sends branches across the axilla

Anterior Intercostal Arteries

serves mammary glands, most of thorax wall

Posterior Intercostal Arteries

supply the vertebrae, spinal cord, intercostal muscles, and deep muscles of the back

Inferior Phrenic Artery

branch of the abdominal aorta; supplies blood to the inferior surface of the diaphragm

Celiac Trunk

Large unpaired branch of the abdominal aorta that supplies the liver, stomach, and spleen.

Gastric Arteries

carry oxygen rich blood from the celiac and hepatic arteries to the stomach

Splenic Artery

supplies the spleen with oxygenated blood

Common Hepatic Artery

arises from the celiac trunk to supply the liver with oxygenated blood

Gastroduodenal Artery

branch of the common hepatic artery that supplies the stomach and duodenum

Gastroepiploic Artery

supplies the greater curvature of the stomach

Middle Suprarenal Arteries

serves adrenal glands on kidneys

Renal Arteries

The two branches of the abdominal aorta that supply the kidneys

Superior Mesenteric Artery

large abdominal artery; feed large and small intestine

Gonadal Arteries

Serves the ovaries or testes

Inferior Mesenteric Arteries

Supply lower part of large intestine (Colon)

Common Iliac Arteries

supply the anterior abdominal wall, pelvic organs, and lower limbs

Internal Iliac Arteries

These arteries branch dorsally off the aorta, immediately anterior to the umbilical arteries. They carry blood to the pelvic region.

External Iliac Arteries

These arteries branch off the aorta immediately anterior to the umbilical arteries. They carry blood to the thighs and hind limbs.

Femoral Arteries

These arteries are one of two branches of the external iliac arteries. They carry blood to the thigh and lower hind limb.

Lateral Circumflex Arteries

Supplies the anterior muscle group of the thigh, as well as the hip and knee joint

Popliteal Arteries

continuation of femoral arteries that begin in the popliteal region and end in the upper leg where they divide into the anterior and posterior tibial arteries

Anterior Tibial Arteries

A branch of the popliteal artery that supplies the anterior compartment of the leg. It becomes the dorsalis pedis artery on the dorsum of the ankle and contributes blood to the dorsal arch.

Posterior Tibial Arteries

travels from the calf to the foot

Fibular Arteries

branch off the posterior tibial artery slightly distal to the point where the popliteal artery divides into the anterior and posterior tibial arteries; descends down the lateral surface of the leg, and terminates within the foot

Dorsalis Pedis Arteries

the artery in the foot that can be felt on the top of the foot

Arcuate Arteries

small vessels found at the base of the renal pyramids; appear as echogenic structures

Metatarsal Arteries

Supplies foot and phalanges

Digital Veins

drain the digits and feed into the palmar arches of the hand and dorsal venous arch of the foot

Superficial Venous Palmar Arch

Palm of hand - drains into cephalic and basilica veins

Radial Veins

Drain the palmar venous arches and forearm into brachial veins. Run along the radius.

Ulnar Veins

carry oxygen depleted blood from the lower medial portion of the forearm to the brachial vein

Basilic Veins

Blood vessels that drain blood back to the heart from the arms/forearms and run along the MEDIAL aspect of the arm

Cephalic Veins

The third vessels to emerge from the cranial vena cava, medially. These veins carry blood from the forelimb to the brachiocephalic veins.

Median Antebrachial Veins

Vein that runs between the ulnar and radial veins up the forearm, terminating at the elbow by entering the basilic or cephalic vein

Median Cubital Veins

travel laterally across the anterior surface of the elbow to connect the basilic and cephalic veins

Brachial Veins

veins following the course of the brachial artery and joining with the basilic vein to form the axillary vein

Axillary Veins

These veins carry blood from the forelimbs and join with the subscapular veins to form the subclavian vein.

Occipital Veins

drain occipital region of scalp

External Jugular Veins

The second set of vessels to emerge from the cranial vena cava, medially. These veins carry blood from the head to the brachiocephalic veins.

Internal Jugular Veins

The first set of vessels to emerge from the cranial vena cava, medially. These veins carry blood from the head to the brachiocephalic veins. They are located on either side of the trachea.

Subclavian Veins

The fourth set of vessels to emerge from the cranial vena cava, medially. These veins carry blood from the subscapular veins and axillary veins to the brachiocephalic veins.

Superficial Temporal Veins

Drains the superficial temporal scalp. Gives rise to the retromandibular vein.

Ophthalmic Veins

Exit orbit through superior and inferior orbital fissures and drain into cavernous sinus

Facial Veins

Blood vessels that drain blood back to the heart from the face

Vertebral Veins

serves posterior head, cervical vertebrae, spinal cord

Brachiocephalic Veins

These veins carry blood from the cephalic, subclavian, and jugular veins to the cranial vena cava.

Anterior Intercostal Veins

Drain forward into the internal thoracic and musculophrenic veins

Posterior Intercostal Veins

Drains from the distal 9 intercostal spaces, anterior thoracic muscles, breast, back muscles, spinal cord, and vertebrae

Hemiazygos Veins

Begins as continuation of left ascending lumbar vein and empties into azygos vein

Azygos Vein

a vessel that drains blood from the chest wall and empties into the superior vena cava

Metatarsal Veins

Veins in the feet

Dorsal Venous Arch

drains blood from digital veins and vessels on the superior surface of the foot

Dorsalis Pedis Veins

drains blood from the foot

Anterior Tibial Veins

Drains the anterior lower leg. Joins the posterior tibial vein to form the popliteal vein.

Posterior Tibial Veins

run with the posterior tibial artery, drain blood from the foot and posterior compartment of the leg

Fibular Veins

run with the fibular artery, drain blood from the lateral compartment of the leg

Small Saphenous Veins

superficial veins that form at the lateral end of the dorsal venous arches; run posterior to the lateral malleolus, ascend along the lateral posterior leg, and empty into the popliteal veins

Popliteal Veins

form from the merger of the anterior and posterior tibial veins just inferior to the popliteal fossa; become the femoral veins just superior to the knee

Great Saphenous Veins

The longest veins in the body. They receive the superficial drainage of the leg. They begin at the dorsal venous arch in the foot and travel up to the medial aspect of the leg to empty into the femoral vein in the thigh

Femoral Veins

These veins carry blood from the thigh and lower hind limb to the external iliac veins.

Common Iliac Veins

These veins carry blood from the external and internal iliac veins to the caudal vena cava

External Iliac Veins

these veins carry blood from the femoral and deep femoral veins to the common iliac veins

Internal Iliac Veins

These veins carry blood from the pelvis to the common iliac veins.

Ascending Lumbar Vein

- Branches of common iliac veins

- R. ascending joins w/ R. subcoastal vein to form azygous vein.

- L. ascending joins w/ L. subcoastal vein to for hemiazygous vein.

Gonadal Veins

veins that are very slender; drains either ovaries or testes

Renal Veins

Removes deoxygenated blood from the kidneys

Suprarenal Veins

run adjacent to the suprarenal arteries and drain into the inferior vena cava

Inferior Phrenic Vein

drains: inferior diaphragm

empties into: inferior vena cava

Hepatic Veins

carry blood from the liver to the caudal vena cava

Hepatic Portal Veins

gastrointestinal tract to capillaries in the liver