World Food Crops Final

Final

Given that Alfalfa can be cut for hay fir 5-7 years, why would a farmer plow his/her alfalfa under after the third year?

to put nutrients back into the soil because its a green manure

What is the main advantage of planting corn a year after growing soybeans on the same piece of land?

The nitrogen is rich in the soil

Note two disadvantages of planting the same crop on the same piece of land

1. soil lacks nitrogen

2. soil nutrition is less

Which plant family has access to atmospheric nitrogen because of its symbiotic relationship with Rhizobium bacteria

Leguminosae (beans and peas)

What is the term used when a farmer plants the same crop on the same piece of land every year

Continuous Cropping

Planting corn into an existing clover field is an example of a?

Living mulch system and polyculture

Which 19th century agronomist was the first to stress the importance of crop rotation for southern cotton farmers?

George Washington Carver

Growing two or more crops together on the same land during the growing season is called?

Polyculture

Growing a single crop within a field during the growing season is called?

Monoculture

What can you expect if you delivered a load of beans to the elevator and the moisture level was one or two percentage points too high?

Dockage

If harvesting small grains at a moisture level that is too low, the grain can _______ as it travels through the combine.

Shatter

If harvesting small grains at a moisture level that is too high, the grain can ______ as it travels through the combine

be smashed

How can we tell if field corn is at the correct moisture level for harvest?

A black abscission layer forms at the base of the kernel

What is the primary problem with rain falling on alfalfa as it is drying in windrows?

The water leaches out some protein each time it rains

How can a wheat farmer promote drying while the crop is still in the field?

Cut and windrow the wheat for 4-5 days and spray a desiccant on the crop to kill the shoot tissue

Why are potato plants desiccated a few weeks before harvest?

It thickens the skin which prevents too much injury during harvest

The most important factor when harvesting small grains is cutting at the proper _____ level for proper storage?

Moisture

High- moisture forage stored anaerobically in specialized structure is called?

Silage

What is the primary problem with grazing too many cattle in the same pasture without providing supplemental feed?

They will overgraze the pasture and it will become weedy

Tiny finger-like projections in the small intestine that absorb nutrients into the bloodstream

Villi

Breaks down food in the stomach and also kills harmful bacteria

Hydrochloric acid

Breaks down fat in the small intestine

Cellulose

Where fiber is digested in monogastric animals

Cecum

Ruminant animals can digest this polysaccharide

Cellulose

Number one cereal grain grown in the world

Corn

Allows rice plants to survive in water

Aerenchyma

Cereals are high in carbohydrates and low in

Protein

Sweet corn is high in sugar and contains no

starch

barley that is germinated, dried and ground into powder

Malt

A wheat class high in _____ is used to make bread with hard crust

Protein

This protein gives bread its chewy texture and gives dough the strength to hold its shape and rise in the oven. Can cause digestive issues in the small intestine for people with celiac disease

Gluten