GE 5- MODULE 5 THE GLOBAL NORTH AND SOUTH DIVIDE

Global South

Global South

The term is a metaphor for interstate inequality and a product of Western imagination (Claudio, 2018).

Latin America

refers to the countries in the southern part of the American continent that were colonized by the Spaniards

Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494

newly discovered lands outside Europe were split into two parts: the West was given to the Crown of Castile (now part of Spain), while the East was given to the Portuguese Empire.

Group of Eight (G8)

Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom, Russia, and the United States of America

WORLD DIVISION DURING THE COLD WAR

Capitalist/Democratic states and the Communist states.

Global South

1. Refers to the socio-economic and political divide primarily focused on the southern hemisphere of the 1569-designed Mercatorian map.

2. “continues to be imagined and re-imagined by those who dominate it even as movements from below reshape these constructions through resistance.”

3. Economically poor families, underprivileged individuals unfair labor practices, and suppression of human rights, and other violations of basic rights in Europe, Australia, US, and Canada are the pieces of evidence that people from developed countries also share similar experiences with people from developing countries

Global North

1. Is the home of all members of the Group of Eight (G8)— Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom, Russia, and the United States of America

2. denoting high standard of living, availability of better transport system, prevalence of banking and financial institutions, presence of big commercial establishments, and centrality of the national government

3. is also relatively experienced within the geographical boundaries of the Global South.

First World

• capitalist economists (control by the private

• encompassed all industrialized, democratic countries which were assumed to be allied with the United States in its struggle against the Soviet Union. Finland and Switzerland maintained strict neutrality.

Second World

• communist economists (all properties were owned by the government)

• was anchored on the industrialized, communist realm of the Soviet Union and its Eastern European satellites, yet it often included poor communist states located elsewhere.

Third World

• Refers to countries that did not belong to either type of formal economies. (Former colonies of European countries)

• was defined as the non-aligned world and as the global realm of poverty and under- developed

First Estate

Clergy and monarch

Second Estate

Nobility

Third Estate

The balance of French population as contrasted the poor countries to the First World and Second World.

1952

Third World was in coined ________ by Alfred Sauvy

Alfred Sauvy

A French demographer, anthropologist, and economic historian who coined the term “Third World”

GLOBAL NORTH

• Refers to developed societies of Europe and North America , which are characterized by established wealth, technological advancement, political stability, zero population growth and dominance of world trade and politics.

• Considered as the high income countries : Norway, Canada, US, Belgium, Iceland, Japan, Sweden, Netherlands and most Western Europe.

GLOBAL NORTH

• First World and Second World

• Home to all members of theG8 and P5 members of the United Nations Security Council

• Richer and developed region

• 95% has enough food and shelter

• Economy industries and major businesses, commerce and finance

GLOBAL NORTH

• Controls 4/5 of the income earned anywhere in the world

• 90% of manufacturing industries are owned by and located in the North

GLOBAL NORTH

• Low Poverty

• Low Child Mortality

• High Economic and Educational Development

• Advance Technological Advancement

• Stable Governments

• Low Fertility Rates

• Low Gender Related Illiteracy

GLOBAL SOUTH

Refers to the developing countries which represents mainly agrarian economies in Africa. India, Latin America and others that are not as economically sound and politically stable. Tend to characterized by war, conflict, poverty, and tyranny

GLOBAL SOUTH

Countries that are less developed and characterized by low level of economic development, large inequalities in living standards and low life expectancy such as Africa, Lat in America and developing Asia including the Middle East

GLOBAL SOUTH

• Third World

• Poor and less developed region

• 5% has enough food and shelter

• Source of raw materials of the North.

GLOBAL SOUTH

• Has access to 1/5 of the world’s income

• As nations become economically developed, they may become part of the North regardless of geographical location.

• Any nations do not qualify for developed status are in effect deemed to be part of the South

GLOBAL SOUTH

• High Poverty

• High Child Mortality

• Low Economic and Educational Development

• Low self consumption of natural resources

• Vulnerable to exploitation by large corporations and industrial nations

• Less technological advancement

• Economy is dependent on developed countries

• Unstable Government

• High Fertility Rates

• High Gender Related Illiteracy

Norway, Canada, US, Belgium, Iceland, Japan, Sweden, Netherlands and most Western Europe.

the high income countries

Africa. India, Latin America

developing countries which represents mainly agrarian economies in Africa. India, Latin America