Studied by 6 people
causes of the protestant reformation
social, political, economic, religious
Martin Luther
wanted a gracious God, scholastic theology, not trying to start revolution just a debate
main authorities who responds to Luther
Pope Leo X, Emperor Charles V
papal bull
exsurgo domine, “Arise, o Lord”
December 10th, 1520
Luther burns Exsurge Domine
diet
formal assembly
book: To The Christian Nobility (ML)
asserts Christian individuality
book: On The Babylonian Captivity of the Church
Luther accuses Church of Rome of being like Babylon
book: On the Freedom of the Church
Christian is free from law concerning indulgences, and good works are a result (not a requirement) of salvation
sola scriptura
lit. scripture alone, means that scripture is the only INFALLIBLE authority in the Church
main issue of reformation
authority
Luther after Worms
hid in Wartburg Castle for a year, new name was Junker Jorg, translated new testament into German
Ulrich Zwingli
embraces renaissance humanism, loves writings of Luther and Erasmus, wants to reform Church and state
John Calvin
France, was gonna be a lawyer, was raised Catholic and switched to Catholicism, wanted to become a secluded humanist writer, unconditional election, predestination
Henry VIII
defender of faith
annul
cancel a marriage
Act of Supremacy (1534)
Henry VIII makes himself head of church bc/ the Pope wouldn’t annul his marriage
Edward VI
protestant
Mary I
bloody Mary, Catholic, be burnin protestants
Elizabeth I
protestant
the five solas
Sola Gratia, Sola Fide, Solus Christus, Sola Scriptura, Soli Deo Gloria
Protestant authority
scripture
Protestant Church compared to Catholic Church
simpler, scripture is the center
means of grace
commune with God
John Calvin taught that one is chosen (elected) by God because
of His free, unconditional love
Calvin states in his very first sentence in The Institutes that “true and solid wisdom consists in this:”
the knowledge of God and ourselves
printing press
major cause of Protestant Reformation
Leo X’s papal bull was pushing back against Luther’s objections to
indulgences and papal supremacy
Note 
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