health education 2 class session

Q: What does the principle of Autonomy in patient education mean?

• A: Respecting the patient’s right to make their own decisions and providing information/decision aids to support them.

• Q: What is a Decision aid and why is it used?

• A: A tool that helps patients make informed choices about treatment options, especially when risks/benefits differ.

• Q: What is Veracity?

• A: The duty to tell the truth to the patient, supporting informed decision-making before interventions.

• Q: What are the four key elements of Informed Consent?

• A: Disclosure, Comprehension, Voluntariness, and Competence.

• Q: What does the principle of Confidentiality mean?
  

• A: Keeping patient information private unless permission is granted; includes laws like HIPAA.

• Q: When is breaking patient confidentiality ethically justified?
  

• A: In cases of imminent harm to others or legal requirements (e.g., reporting injuries, infectious diseases).

• Q: What is Nonmaleficence?
  

• A: The obligation to do no harm — ensuring education does not cause injury or complications.

• Q: Difference between Negligence and Malpractice?
  

• A: Negligence = below-standard care causing harm; Malpractice = professional negligence by a specialist causing harm.

• Q: What are the “seven failures” that can lead to malpractice?
  

• A: Standards of care, equipment use, communication, documentation, patient advocacy, delegation, assessment/monitoring.

• Q: What does Beneficence mean?

• A: Acting in the patient’s best interest and providing safe, beneficial education and care.

• Q: What is the principle of Justice in healthcare education?
  

• A: Fair distribution of resources/services — based on equality, need, effort, contribution, merit, or ability to pay.

• Q: Why are ethics important in classroom and clinical teaching?
  

• A: To maintain professional boundaries, protect students/patients, and ensure safe, fair, professional learning.

• Q: What challenges exist in the student–preceptor relationship?
  

• A: Power imbalance, blurred boundaries, dependence, students trying to appear competent despite inexperience.

• Q: What is the student’s responsibility when facing learning problems?
  

• A: To speak up and seek help instead of hiding difficulties.

• Q: What is the teacher’s responsibility as a role model?
  

• A: Demonstrate professional, ethical behavior, choose positive learning experiences, avoid bias/negative messages.

• Q: What are key traits of an ethical leader in nursing education?
  

• A: Critical/collaborative approach, openness to feedback, cultivation of intellectual and moral virtues.

• Q: What does the law say about patient education?
  

• A: It may be legally mandated, with penalties for failure, and tied to the Patient Bill of Rights.

• Q: How is Learning defined in the text?
  

• A: A relatively permanent change in mental processing, emotions, skills, or behavior due to experience.

• Q: Why are Learning Theories useful in healthcare?
  

• A: They explain how/why people learn and guide interventions to change behavior and motivate patients.

• Q: What is the basis of Behaviorist theory?
  

• A: Learning as observable behavior shaped by stimulus–response (S→R) and reinforcement.

• Q: What is Classical Conditioning?
  

• A: Pairing a neutral stimulus with a response through repetition (e.g., fear linked to a specific trigger).

• Q: Why is Role modeling important in Social Learning Theory?
  

• A: Learners observe and imitate models, influenced by whether the model is rewarded or punished.

• Q: What are the qualities of a good role model?
  

• A: Healthy, socially positive behavior; reproducible; free of bias; carefully chosen.

1. Q: What does Gestalt theory emphasize?
   

1. A: Perception and understanding the whole rather than separate parts — holistic interpretation.

1. Q: What are the main sources of motivation in Psychodynamic theory?
   

1. A: Instinctual drives (Id) like Eros (life) and Thanatos (death), balanced by Superego and Ego.

1. Q: How do defense mechanisms and burnout affect learning?
   

1. A: Defense mechanisms influence interactions; burnout lowers motivation and performance in learning/teaching.

1. Q: How do defense mechanisms and burnout affect learning?
   

1. A: Defense mechanisms influence interactions; burnout lowers motivation and performance in learning/teaching.

1. Q: What is Transfer of Learning?
   

1. A: Applying learned knowledge/skills to new situations, easier when stimuli and responses are similar.

1. Q: What is the teacher’s role in encouraging learning?
   

1. A: Create supportive environments, apply suitable learning theories, and serve as a practical role model.