10. Microbial Classification

prok traits

pop of cells with similar trait, have clones & strains

clone

cell pop from parent cell

strain

genetically diff cells in clone

euk

protista, fungi, plantae, animalia

protista

catchall for autotroph (c from inorganic) + heterotroph (c from organism)

fungi

chemoheterotroph (energy and c from organic), uni/multicell, spores/hyphal fungus

plantae

multicell, cellulose wall, photosynth

animalia

multicell, no cell wall, chemoheterotroph (energy and c from organic)

evol of euk

from prok plasma memb infolding

organelles

from endosymbiotic bact

cladogram

map of evolution connecting organisms, based on rRNA sequences

bergey’s manual

id bact & archaea

biochem tests

look for presence of bact enzymes (simultaneous tests)

serology

study of blood serum & immune responses, antigens, antiserums

antigenic

microorganisms, stim body’s response to make antibodies

antiserum

solution of antibodies tested against unknown bact

serological tests

diff btwn species and strain in species, slide agglutination (bact + antibodies agglutinate), ELISA (id from rxn)

phage typing

looks for phages that bact sensitive to, produces plaque (lysed cells)

nucleic acid hybridization

one DNA’s ability to hybridize with another, 70% = same

archaea

methanogens, extreme halophiles, hyperthermophiles