every case necessary

Engel v Vitale

Public schools cannot sponsor or lead students in prayer. Establishment clause

Wisconsin v Yoder

Established the free exercise clause that protects religious groups from state laws

Schenck v United States

Established that first amendment speech can be restricted if it creates harm

Texas v Johnson

Established that burning the American flag as a form of protest is considered symbolic speech

New York Times v United States

ruled that the government could not stop publication unless it caused immediate danger

Tinker v Des Moines

Established that students don’t lose their first amendment rights at school but schools can censor disruptive students

DC v Heller

Established that second amendment protects the use of arms for self defense particularly in homes

McDonald v Chicago

Established the right to keep and bear arms for self defense

Mapp v Ohio

Evidence seized unlawfully could not be used in state courts

Terry v Ohio

Allowed police to detain and pat down if they have reasonable suspicion

New Jersey v TLO

Established that school officials only need reasonable suspicion to search students

Gideon v wainwright

Established the legal right to counsel for the poor

Miranda v Arizona

Established that criminal suspects must be informed of their rights before interrogation

Furman v Georgia

Ruled that the death penalty at its time violated the eight amendment

Ford v Wainwright

Established that the death penalty can not be inflicted on the insane

Roper v Simmons

Established that the death penalty cannot be inflicted on someone younger than 18