tca cycle & oxidative phosphorylation

the intermediates formed in the TCA cycle [in order] are ?

citrate

isocitrate

alpha ketoglutarate

succinyl CoA

succinate

fumarate

malate

oxaloacetate

the enzymes in the TCA cycle [in order] are ?

citrate synthase

aconitase

isocitrate dehydrogenase

alpha ketoglutarate dehydrogenase

succinyl CoA synthetase

succinate dehydrogenase

fumarase

malate dehydrogenase

[ ] and [ ] both require thiamine

alpha ketoglutarate dehydrogenase

pyruvate dehydrogenase

[ ] inhibits both pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and alpha ketoglutarate complex

Arsenite

the enzyme [ ][ ] is inhibited by ATP & NADH

isocitrate dehydrogenase

the enzyme [ ][ ] is inhibited by NADH, ATP, Succinyl CoA & GTP

alpha ketoglutarate dehydrogenase

citrate synthase is inhibited by [ ],[ ], and [ ]

ATP, Citrate, and Succinyl CoA

isocitrate dehydrogenase is stimulated by [ ],[ ], and [ ]

ADP, AMP, and NAD+

in the alpha ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex [ ][ ] transfer the 4-C to succinyl CoA

Lipoic Acid

the enzymes in the TCA cycle producing NADH include ?

isocitrate dehydrogenase

alpha ketoglutarate dehydrogenase

malate dehydrogenase

NADH is “MIA”

the enzyme succinyl CoA synthetase produces [ ]

GTP

succinate dehydrogenase releases [ ]

FADH2

the two intermediates formed from pyruvate before becoming Acetyl CoA are [ ] and [ ]

thiamine pyrophosphate

lipoamide

alpha ketoglutarate can be converted into [ ] and [ ]

glutamate and glutamine

succinyl CoA is involved in ?

porphyrin [heme] synthesis

[ ] can be converted into aspartate, asparagine, and nucleotides and can be used in gluconeogenesis

oxaloacetate

[ ] is shuttled to cytosol, and makes Acetyl CoA for fatty acid/steroid synthesis.

citrate

the most common form of Coenzyme Q is [ ]

Q10

complex [ ] and [ ] pump out 4 protons

I and III

[ ] and [ ] inhibit complex I

Rotenone and Amytal

Antimycin A inhibits [ ][ ]

complex III

[ ] and [ ] inhibit complex IV

cyanide and carbon monoxide

these inhibit the binding of oxygen

2,4-dinitrophenol and pentachlorophenol are ETS [ ] because they allow H+ to diffuse freely across the inner mitochondrial membrane

uncouplers

[ ] is an uncoupling protein that is important in temperature regulation in newborns/infants

Thermogenin

[ ] directly inhibits ATP synthase by blocking proton flow through the enzyme

Oligomycin

three transport mechanisms that allow molecules to pass through the mitochondria include [ ], [ ], and [ ]

malate-aspartate shuttle

glycerol phosphate shuttle

tricarboxylate shuttle

an accumulation of pyruvate, lactate, alanine caused by [ ][ ][ ] leads to neurological defects

pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency

the best known mutation of the TCA cycle [ ][ ] leads to abnormally high excretions of fumarate or other TCA cycle intermediates. often seen in SW Utah Mormon community

fumarase deficiency

vitamin deficiencies in [ ], [ ],[ ], and [ ] affect activity of PDH and TCA enzymes

niacin (NAD)

thiamine (TPP)

riboflavin (FAD)

pantothenic acid (Coenzyme A)

[ ]n binds tightly to the -SH group of lipoic acid inhibiting the oxidation of pyruvate

arsenite

[ ] is much more toxic than arsenate

arsenite [AsO2-]

[ ][ ][ ][ ] is a disease resulting from a mutation in the NADH-ubiquinone oxioreductase of complex I

Lebers hereditary optic neuropathy