PY 212 Chapter 8

When does menarche normally occur?

Age 9 or 10

What are the two hormonal command centers?

Adrenal glands

HPG axis

First Hormonal Command Center

Adrenal glands

Releases adrenal androgens

Ages 6-8

Second Hormonal Center

HPG axis

Hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and gonads

Ages 9-10

Ends with secretion of estrogen/testosterone

How much more testosterone do males have?

8x more

Primary Sexual Characteristics

Body changes directly involved in reproduction

Secondary Sexual Characteristics

Physical changes of puberty not directly involved in reproduction

What are two important internal changes in puberty?

Heart gets larger

More red blood cells to carry oxygen

How much taller do boys and girls get on average during pubety?

Boys: 8”

Girls: 4”

Racial Differences in Puberty Rates

Asian Americans: late

Black and Hispanic Americans: early

Early Maturing Boys

More prone to abuse substances, particularly if they have low impulse controls

Risk of developing depression

Boosts self-esteem

Early Maturing Girls

Risk developing externalizing problems

Tend to get involved in "adult activities" by socializing with people who are physically more like them

_% of women worldwide suffer from an eating disorder at some point

9

People with anorexia nervosa are __% their ideal body weight.

85

Dialectic Behavior Therapy

Teacher meditation and strategies to promote self-efficacy

Sexual feelings tend to begin in __ grade.

4th

What hormones program sexual desire?

Adrenal androgens

What men tend to be sexually active younger?

Black and low-income men