Exploring Medical Terminology Chapter 14

Arthr/o

Arthr/o

Joint

Burs/o

Bursa

Chrondr/o

cartilage

disk/o

intervertebral disk

menisc/o

meniscus

synovi/o

synovia

Ten/o

Tendon

Ankyl/o

stiff, bent

kinesi/o

movement, motion

Kyph/o

hump (kyphosis)

lamin/o

lamina

lord/o

bent forward (lordosis)

my/o, myos/o

muscles

necro/o

death

oste/o

bone

sarc/o

flesh, connective tissue

scoli/o

(lateral) curved (spine)

phalang/o

phalanx, phalanges (fingers and. toes)

patell/o

patella (knee cap)

cost/o

ribe

tars/o

tarsals (ankle bones)

carp/o

wrist (carpal tunnel)

inter-

between

supra-

above

sym-, syn-

together, joined

brady

slow

-asthenia

weakness

-desis

surgical fixation, fusion

-physis

growth

-schisis

split, fissure

-trophy

nourshiment, development

myasthenia

muscle weakness

suprascapular

above the scapula

flexion

bent

extension

straight

lyme disease

mimic several muscoloskeletal diseases bull’s eye

muscular dystrophy (MD)

degeneration of muscle and weakness

dislocation

displacement of bones in a joint

osteoporosis

abnormal loss in bone density

chondromalacia

softening of cartlilage

diskitis

inflammation of an intervertebral disk

fibromyalagia

pain in the fibrous tissues and muscles

ganglion cyst

collection of jellylike fluid forming a benign mass

lordosis

bending forward (sway back)

kyphosis

humpback hump in thoracic spine

scoliosis

abnormal curved spine

osteochonditis

inflammation of the bone and cartilage

osteomalacia

softening of bone

osteomyelitis

inflammation of the bone and bone marrow

osteopenia

abnormal refuction of bone mass (can lead to osteoporosis )

osteosarcoma

malignant tumor of the bone

polymyositis

inflammation of many muscles

rachischisis

fissure of the vertebral column (spina bifida)

myasthenia

gravis is a chronic disease muscle weakness thought to be caused by defect in transmission of impulses from nerve to muscle

myeloma

tumor of the bone marrow (malignant)

osteoarthritis

bone joint inflammation

tendonitis

inflammation of tendons

bursitis

inflammation of the bursae

fracture

broken bone

gout

herniated disk

bunion

carpal tunnel syndrom

spinal stenosis

plantar fascitis

inflammation of plantar fascia connective tissue of the sole of the foot (heel pain)

spondylolisthesis

rheumatoid arthritis

plasty

surgical repir

chondro/plasty

surgical repair of the cartilage

cranio/plasty

surgical repair of the skull

teno/myo/plasty

surgical repair of the tendon and muscle

-ectomy

excision of

diskectomy

excision of a intervertebral disk

phalangectomy

excision of a finger or toe bone

tarsectomy

excision of one or more tarsal bones

laminectomy

excision of lamina

-rrhaphy

suturing

myorrhaphy

suturing of muscle

terlorrhaphy

suturing of tendon

desis

surgical fixation or fusion

arthodesis

surgical fixation of a joint

spondylosyndesis

fusing together of the vertebrae

-otomy

incision into

osteotomy

incision into bone

rachiotomy

incision into the vertebral column

craniotomy

incision into the cranium

TKA

total knee arthropasty replace the worn surfaces of knee joint

THA

total hip arthroplasty indicated for degenerative joint disease or rhumatoid arthritis

rheumatologist

studies muscoskeletal disorders characterized by inflammation

chiropractor

manipulation of the vertebral columnp

podiatrist

feet

brady/kinesia

hyper/kinesia

dyskinesia

feoral

femur

humeral

humerus

sternal

sterum

osteonecrossi

bone death

prostheisis

substite fro missing body part

crepitus