Animals Part 1 and 2

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32 Terms

1
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What is the largest phylum of animals?

Arthropoda

2
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Largest class of animals?

insecta

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Largest order of animals?

coleoptera or the beetles

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Largest family of animals?

Curculioniadae or the weevils

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Animal characteristics

heterotrophic by ingestion

gametic meiosis

locomotory structures present

true multicellularity

no cell walls!

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evolutionary trends in animals

planes of symmetry

levels of organization

embryological development

body cavity

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planes of symmetry

asymmetry→ radial symmetry→ bilateral symmetry→ 2 degree radial symmetry

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Levels of organization

cellular→ tissue→ organs→ organ systems

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body cavity (coelom)

acoelomates→ pseudocoelomates→ coelomates

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acoelomates

small and flat

flatworms

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pseudocoelomates

roundworms

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coelomates

earthworms

mesoderm lines all of organs→ allows to have more complex organs

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Phylum Porifera

sponges

only have a cellular type of organization

ascon, sycon, leucon

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P: Porifera C: Calcarea

all marine

calcareous spicules

small

all three body types

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P: Porifera C: Demospongiae

largest class

marine and freshwater

silicious spicules

spongin fibers

leucon body type

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P: Porifera C: Hexanactinellida

deep marine species

silieceious, 6 rayed spicules

body sycon/leucon intermediate

cells fused as synctium

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Phylum Cnetophora

comb jellies

biradial symmetry

colloblasts (not stinging)

iridescence

bioluminescence

ctenes

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colloblasts in Ctenophores

gluey cells used to stick to prey rather than sting

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ctenes in Ctenophores

8 rows of fused cilis

used for locomotion like little oars

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irredescent forms of Cnetophores are ___

benthic or found at depth in marine habitats

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Phylum Cnidaria

True Jellies

hydras, jellyfish, corals, anemones

Cnidocytes

diploblastic

polyps or medusa

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diploblastic

endoderm + ectoderm

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polyps are __

sessile (doesnt really move)

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medusa are ___

motile (move)

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cnidocytes in Cnidaria

stinging cells

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Cnidaria: Class Hydrozoa

hydra are famous for their ability to bud/ reproduce asexually

polyp form

Portugese Man of War

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Cnidaria: Class Scyphozoa

True Jellyfish

moon jellies

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Cnidaria: Class Cubozoa

Box Jellies

Chironex flekeli : the sea wasp

very dangerous

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Cnidaria: Class Anthozoa

sea anemones and corals

only polyp forms

colonoial (corals) and solitary (sea anemone)

large, subdivided GVC

septum(-a)

Acontia threads

Zoochlorellae and zooxanthellae

CaCO3 skeleton used for protections

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Septum (-a) in Anthozoa

wall like structures that divide GVC into different areas

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acontia threads in Anthozoa

internal thread like structures that also have cnidocytes used to sting prey

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zoochlorellae and zooxanthellae in Anthozoa

endosymbiotic organisms that are photosynthetic

green: zoochlorellae

yellow: zooxanthellae