Motor Behavior chapter 11

What causes maladapted posture in the unhealthy?

-Diseases, injuries, aging, PNS and CNS decline, and poorly functioning

physiological systems

What causes maladapted posture in the healthy?

-Sustained workplace postures, obesity, and low fitness

The core is?

-shoulder and pelvic girdles, and the soft tissue (ligaments, tendons, fascia, muscles)

Primary core training

-Trunk-specific exercises that emphasize the core

Secondary core training

-Noncore movements that require extensive core involvement

What muscles do Hollowing exercises engage?

-Transverse abdominis muscle and internal oblique muscles

Postural orientation 

-How the body aligns and positions itself in space relative to gravity, the environment, and the task being performed.

Fundamental postural orientation

-The baseline, default alignment the body uses when maintaining an upright stance.

Are there specific joint receptors involved with joint stabilization?

-Ruffini endings, Pacinian corpuscles. Golgi-type ligament endings, Free nerve endings 

What factors put females at risk for ankle/knee injury

-Non-modifiable risk factors in females include: less robust joint and ligament structures, greater body fat, and less favorable structural alignment.

-Modifiable risk factors: include poor leg muscle coordination leading to poor jumping control, excessive knee wobble, and unstable landing mechanics

Training for “body segment stability” is often referred to as this term?

-Postural control training

What exercises target pelvic floor muscles

-Kegels

-Bridges with pelvic floor activation

-Dead bugs

-Bird dogs

-Squats (with breathing cues)

-Transverse abdominis activation (“drawing in”)

-Diaphragmatic breathing with pelvic floor lift

Why pursue postural control exercise training with athletes?

-May reduce the risk of musculoskeletal injury

What happens following a joint injury?

-The stability of the joint may be compromised for several reasons

• Reduced mechanical stability due to weakened and damaged connective tissues

• Changes in tissue properties change the nature of the stimulus–response characteristics of the receptors

• Nociception and pain perception can affect muscle activation and movement behavior

What are the risk factors for falling in the elderly

-Muscle weakness, poor balance, obstacles, fear of falling