Pre-AP Honors American Literature 1st Semester

Who wrote The Way to Rainy Mountain?

N. Scott Momaday

Kiowa tribe & their story

originated in Northern Plains and migratedsouth, known for their horse culture and warrior traditions. include many traditionas of myths and legends centered on their relationship with nature and spiritual beliefs.

Who wrote I Have Killed a Deer?

Luther Standing Bear

I Have Killed a Deer

reflects spiritual connection between Native Americans and the animals they hunt, expresses respect for life taken. New life will come from the one that is taken.

The Pilgrims (The Pilgrims and Mayflower)

english religious separatists who left England in 1620 in hope of religious freedom. settled in Plymouth, Massachusetts where they faced harsh conditions and were assisted by Native Americans.

The Native Americans (The Pilgrims and Mayflower)

the Wampanoag tribe and Samoset & Squanto, assisted the Pilgrims by teaching them essential survival skills.

Who is Jonothan Edwards?

Puritan theologian and preacher during thr First Great Awakening. known for intense sermons emphasazing severity of sin and importance of repentance.

What were Jonothan Edwards sermons based on and how did he treat his parishioners?

based on Calvanist theology, treated them strictly aiming to provoke sense of guilt and irgency regardung their spiritual state.

What was the purpose of Jonothan Edward's sermons?

to awaken his congression to the reality of theur sinfulness and danger of eternal damnation. inspired religious revival and encouraged people to seek salvation through God's grace.

What is the tone of Edwards's speech?

fearful and urgent using vivid and terrifying imagery to convey wrath of God and horrors of Hell.

Why does Edwards preach the wrath of God?

emphasize consequences of sin and to instill fear and urgency to his listeners. believed that this would lead to the recognizion of their sin and seek salvation.

How does Edwards organize his sermon?

clear structure, begins with theological foundation, develops argument thorugh vivid descriptions of hell and God's wrath, concludes with appeal to repent and seek salvation.

What is the main idea of Edwards's sermon?

humanity is in a unsure and dangerous state, its in contant threat by the wrath of God due to sin. only God's grace and repentance allows escape form eternal damnation.

How does Edwards present God?

omnipotent and sovereign, epmhasizes His wrath and justice. acknowledges His mercy and grace suggesting that salvation is possible through repentance and faith.

What fear does Edwards preach?

eternal damnation and horrors of hell. describes torments that await those who do not repent and turn to God.

dismount

remove (something) from its support

alight

descend from transportation form and settle

protagonist

central character or main figure

antagonist

character presented as main enemy or rival of protagonist; villain

archetype

typical example of person or thing

procure

to obtain (something) with care or effort

commodity

useful/valuable thigs, especially something that is bought or sold

providence

protective care of God or of nature as a spiritual power

maelstrom

situation or state of confused movement or violent turmoil

brackish

slightly salty as is the mixture of river water and seawater in estuaries

celerity

swiftness of movement

physiognomy

persons facial features or expressions

inauspicious

not conductive to success; unpromising

mien

person's look or matter, especially one of particular kind indicating their character or mood

Hester (The Scarlet Letter)

protagonist; forced to wear a scarlet letter "A" on her chest as a punishment for adultery. strong resilient, and independent, raises daughter alone and becomes respected figure in her community.

Roger Chillingworths (The Scarlet Letter)

Hester's former husband. becomes obssesed with revenge against Dmmesdlae. manipulative and evil.

Arthur Dimmesdale (The Scarlet Letter)

minister of church in Boton and Hester's lover. respected ut tormented figure. burdende by the guilt of his secret sin and his inability to confess.

Pearl (The Scarlet Letter)

Hester's daighter. wild, perceptive, and symbolic child. seen as the living embpdiment of the scarlet letter and the sin represented.

The Ministers (The Scarlet Letter)

religious leaders in Puritan comminity. represent strict moral and legal authority od time ans are often in conflict with Hester's independence and sin.

The Women (The Scarlet Letter)

female members of Puritan comminuty. portrayed as judgemental and eager to condemn Hester. reflect the harshness during that era.

The Men (The Scarlet Letter)

male members of Puritan community, town officals and elders. represents patriarchal and legalistic structure or their society

The Children (The Scarlet Letter)

mirror the attitudes of their parents. they taunt Pearl and are influenced by societal norms.

The Black Man (The Scarlet Letter)

symbolic representation of the devil.

How did the Black Man affect Pearl?

shaped how she understand her place in the worls. religious beloiefs and fears of Puritan society.

What did Hester do for a living?

seemstress

What were Hester's feelings about wearing the scarlet letter for all those years?

at first she felt limited but then she felt free within her community.

Describe Hester's punishment

public shame, scarlet letter had to be worn on breast, and social isolation

What drove Chillingworth's anger and what terrible things did he do to punish.

revenge; he tormented Dimmesdale psychologically and manipulated him.

How did the relationshop between Chillingworth and Dimmesdale evolve throughout the novel?

went from friendship and care to psychological torture and manipulation.

What was the relationship between Chillingworth and Hester?

resentment, manipulation, and a shared secret.

What were Hester's feelings towards Dimmesdale?

complex, marked by love, resentment, and pity

What burden did Dimmesdlae carry with him and how did he handle it?

his secret sin; self-inflicted penance and expression of his inner unrest through sermons.

Hester's reaction when she saw Dimmesdale

complex blend of longing, love, and sorrow

How Dimmesdale fekt after seeing Hester (what happened to him?)

emotional; guilt and self-loathing; his love for Hester deepens; physical and psiritual decline.

The celestial event (The Scarlett Letter)

the meteor forming a fiery "A" in the darkness while Dimmesdale, Hester, and Pearl are on the scaffold together. sogn of adultery, divine jugment, and natural phenomenon.

What are Hester's feelings towards Dimmesdale?

deep love, profound compassion, and strong sense of responsibility.

Relationship between Dimmesdale, Hester, and Pearl

complex and evolving; marked by guilt, love, and a longing for family.

How to describe Pearl to someone that did not know her

unusual, perceptive, and unsettling with a fierce spirit and connection to the scarlet letter.

Why was Pearl confused about her birth?

Puritan society offered no clear explanation for her existance

How did Pearl feel about her mother wearing the letter?

fascinated and fixated; saw it as a symbol of her mother's indentity and her own connection to sin.

How does Mrs. Hibbons feel about Hester and Pearl?

views them as potential witchcraft partners and as well as her supernatural activities.

How does the old woman feel about Hester and Pearl?

views them with a mixture of pity and moral judgement

How does the Black Man feel about Hester and Pearl?

views them as means to uncover and torment. Pearl is living symbol of Hester's sin.

How does the Governor feel about Hester and Pearl?

views them with pity and concern as well as disaproval of Hester's sin and questions her ability to raise Pearl.

draught

process of drinking or inhaling something in a slow movement

loquacity

quality of talking a grest deal; talkativeness

dryad

a nymph inhabiting or protecting a tree

ethereal

extremely delicate and kight in a way that seems not to be of this world

harrowed

feeling great distress or torment

demerits

mark awarded against a person as a consequence; a fault or flaw

ominous

giving impression that something bad or unpleasant is going to happen

portent

a sign or warning that something is likely to happen

scurrilous

making or spreading scandalous claims about someone with the intention of damaging their reputation

cabalistic

having secret or hidden meaning; occult; mysterious

contagion

the communication of disease from one person to another by close contact

emanciated

abnormally thin or weak, especially because of illness, starvationm or great cold.

imperious

assuming power or authority without justification; arrogant and domineering

leech

a person who clings to another person or group, in order to exploit then

disquietude

a state of uneasiness or anxiety

jocularity

state of being playful, jesting, characterized by joking

languor

a state or feeling of being excessively tired angst

obeisance

deference or respect shown towards someone

prattle

talking at length in a foolish or inconsequential way

uncouth

lacking good manners, refinement, or grace

vicissitude

a change of circumstances or fortune, typically one that is unwelcome or unpleasant

pestilence

a fatal epidemic disease, especially bubonic plague.