5a - Fish Farming

Aeration

增氧 (zēngyǎng) The process of increasing the oxygen content in water, often done in fish farms using pumps or fountains, to ensure fish have enough dissolved oxygen for respiration.

Aquaculture

水产养殖 (shuǐchǎn yǎngzhí) The farming of aquatic organisms such as fish, shellfish, and aquatic plants. Fish farming is a specific type of aquaculture.

Disease control

（鱼类养殖）疾病控制 ((yúlèi yǎngzhí) jíbìng kòngzhì) Measures taken to prevent, identify, and treat diseases in farmed fish populations, including good water quality, proper nutrition, vaccination, and sometimes medication.

Feed

（鱼）饲料 ((yú) sìliào) Specially formulated food given to farmed fish, designed to meet their nutritional requirements for growth and health. Can be made from fishmeal, plant proteins, and other ingredients.

Filtration

（水）过滤 ((shuǐ) guòlǜ) The process of removing solid waste particles (e.g., uneaten feed, faeces) and other impurities from the water in fish farming systems to maintain water quality.

Fry

鱼苗 (yúmiáo) Young, recently hatched fish.

Growth rate

生长速率 (shēngzhǎng sùlǜ) The speed at which farmed fish increase in size or weight over a period. Influenced by factors like feed quality, water temperature, and stocking density.

Hatchery

孵化场 (fūhuàchǎng) A facility where fish eggs are incubated and hatched under controlled conditions to produce fry or fingerlings for stocking in fish farms.

Harvesting

捕捞 (bǔlāo) / 收获 (shōuhuò) The process of collecting mature farmed fish from ponds, tanks, or cages for sale or processing.

Net pens

网箱 (wǎngxiāng) Enclosures made of netting, typically floated in natural bodies of water (lakes, coastal areas), used to contain and grow farmed fish.

Overfishing

过度捕捞 (guòdù bǔlāo) Catching fish from wild populations at a rate faster than they can reproduce and replenish themselves, leading to depletion of fish stocks. Fish farming can sometimes reduce pressure on wild stocks.

Pollution

（鱼类养殖）污染 ((yúlèi yǎngzhí) wūrǎn) Environmental contamination caused by fish farming activities, such as excess nutrients from uneaten feed and fish waste, or escaped fish, which can affect surrounding waters.

Ponds

鱼塘 (yútáng) Man-made or natural shallow bodies of water used for raising fish.

Water quality

水质 (shuǐzhì) The chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of water. Maintaining good water quality (e.g., optimal temperature, oxygen levels, low ammonia/nitrite) is crucial for healthy fish growth.