CH5 Review of Newton's Laws and Forces

A set of flashcards covering essential concepts from Newton's Laws, forces, friction, and problem-solving strategies in physics.

What is Newton's 0th Law?

An object responds only to the forces it feels at that instant.

What does Σ F = 0 signify?

A body is in equilibrium, either at rest or moving with constant velocity.

What is static friction?

Friction that occurs when there is no relative motion between surfaces.

What is kinetic friction?

The frictional force acting opposite to the direction of motion when surfaces slide against each other.

What role does friction play in the motion of a vehicle?

Friction helps the car move forward by providing traction.

In a free-body diagram, what forces should be represented?

Only the forces acting directly on the object, not forces the body exerts on others.

What is the equation for Newton's Second Law?

ΣF = ma, where ΣF is the net force acting on an object.

Why do curves in roads need to be banked?

To help counteract the forces acting on vehicles as they turn, enhancing safety.

How does an ant lock brake system work?

It prevents wheel lockup during braking, maintaining traction and control.

What is the role of normal force?

It acts perpendicular to the surface in contact with an object.

What is the purpose of a free-body diagram?

To simplify the analysis of forces acting on a single object.

If a cart accelerates up a ramp, what kind of forces are in play?

Weight, tension, and normal forces are involved in the system.

What happens to the sled when the rope attached to it breaks?

It will move in a straight line due to inertia.

What does the term 'traction' refer to in everyday scenarios?

The grip or friction that allows movement without slipping.

How does the coefficient of kinetic friction (μk) affect motion?

It determines the strength of the kinetic friction force opposing motion.

What would happen if static friction is exceeded?

The object will begin to move as kinetic friction takes over.

What occurs when you walk on a level floor without slipping?

Static friction acts between the soles of your shoes and the floor.

What determines the tension in a cable supporting an object on an inclined plane?

The weight of the object and the angles involved in the setup.

If multiple forces are acting on an object, how do you determine the acceleration?

By applying ΣF = ma and solving for a.

What happens when you apply a horizontal force to a crate on a frictionless surface?

The crate accelerates horizontally according to F = ma.

On a curved path, what force acts on a vehicle to maintain circular motion?

A centripetal force directed toward the center of the circular path.

What is the significance of drawing a coordinate system in problem-solving?

It provides a reference for analyzing the directions and components of forces.

What happens if the pull on the sled is not enough to overcome friction?

The sled will not accelerate, remaining at rest.

In fluid dynamics, what factors affect fluid resistance?

The speed of the object moving through the fluid affects the resistance experienced.