📘 Unit 1B — Online / Offline

to irritate

to make someone angry or annoyed

to manage or deal with unpleasant or difficult situations

to handle frustrating situations

to happen unexpectedly or without planning

to happen by chance

to become impossible to control

to get out of hand

to understand and share another person’s feelings

to empathize with someone / to feel empathy with someone

to not be affected by or not show any reaction to something

to be impervious to something

to suddenly release strong anger towards someone

to unleash fury on somebody

a worker with low pay and only temporary employment

a low-paid temp

the tendency of people to act collectively without independent thought

herd mentality

to stop yourself from doing something that is tempting

to resist the temptation to do something

to enter a situation or argument forcefully

to wade in

to lose control and become increasingly chaotic

to spiral out of control

a quick

automatic reaction made without thinking

a statement expressing dissatisfaction

a complaint

to publish a statement of dissatisfaction on social media

to post a complaint on a social media feed

to deliberately ignore someone

to blank somebody deliberately

considering yourself the centre of everything

egocentric

a self-centred assumption or belief

an egocentric assumption

to believe that something is true without proof

to assume

to make someone feel ashamed or humiliated

to humiliate

to become upset or angry because of something said or done

to take offence

to insult or hurt someone’s feelings

to offend

to have a particular aim or person in mind

to have a target in mind

the unintended negative effects or consequences of an action

a repercussion

the negative effects resulting from bad behaviour

repercussions for bad behaviour

truly or sincerely unpleasant

genuinely unpleasant

extreme anger and mistreatment online

online rage and abuse

to show or express anger and mistreat others online

to commit rage and abuse

a post containing rude or offensive language

an abusive post

to experience strong or intense emotions

to feel strong emotions

to not care if people criticise you or do not like you

to have a thick skin

to make someone very angry or annoyed

to drive someone up the wall

to stop yourself from saying something because you know it would not be sensible to say it

to bite your tongue

if someone gets under your skin

they annoy you

to get rid of your anger

excitement or energy in a way that does not harm anyone by doing something active

to suddenly speak angrily to someone or criticise someone angrily

to lash out

to deliberately not allow yourself to show a strong feeling or emotion

to bottle something up

to pretend that you are happy when you are really very upset

to put a brave face on things

to have a loud angry argument

especially in a public place

to tell someone about something that has been worrying you for a long time so that you feel better

to get something off your chest

to deliberately become less closely involved in a situation

to take a step back

to consider something in a sensible way by comparing it with something else

to put things into perspective

to talk or complain in a loud

emotional way because you feel strongly about something

to react angrily and aggressively online

to flame

to deliberately upset people online without helping constructively

to troll

to deliberately and repeatedly try to hurt someone’s feelings online

cyberbullying

to deliberately ignore someone online to make them feel bad

blanking

a saved link to online content on a social network

a social media bookmark

a continuous flow of posts or updates on a platform

a social media feed

a funny or viral image

video

to look through websites or content casually

to browse

complicated or difficult to deal with

tricky

the amount of data that can be transmitted at one time

bandwidth

the process of moving between connected pages or sites on the internet

navigation

a website that helps you find other websites

a portal

to play audio or video while it downloads instead of saving first

to stream

if a topic is being discussed by many people online

to trend

a website where information about something is available

a site

a word in a Twitter or social media post with # showing its topic

a hashtag

if an online page is being updated continuously

to feed