1.7 Amines & Amides

Amines

• Ammonia (NH3) with alkyl groups replacing hydrogens

  

Naming Amines

• Systemic IUPAC name
  • alkane name, replace “e” with amine (propanamine)
• Common Naming
  • Use amine as parent chain (propyl amine)
  • Use amine as branch (aminopropane)

Properties of Amines

• Small amines are soluble in water, have higher boiling points than alkanes
• N-H bond is polar
  • Primary amines are most polar, due to the two N-H bonds.
  • Tertiary amines are least polar, N is surrounded by three non-polar alkyl groups.

Amides

• Like esters, but chains are joined by N instead of O
• Formed by dehydration reaction between carboxylic acid and amine or ammonia

Naming Amides

• Amine becomes alkyl group (N-alkyl)
• Acid becomes root, change ending from –oic acid to –amide