1.7 Amines & Amides

Amines

  • Ammonia (NH3) with alkyl groups replacing hydrogens

 Types of Amines

Naming Amines
  • Systemic IUPAC name   * alkane name, replace “e” with amine (propanamine)
  • Common Naming   * Use amine as parent chain (propyl amine)   * Use amine as branch (aminopropane)
Properties of Amines
  • Small amines are soluble in water, have higher boiling points than alkanes
  • N-H bond is polar   * Primary amines are most polar, due to the two N-H bonds.   * Tertiary amines are least polar, N is surrounded by three non-polar alkyl groups.

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Amides

  • Like esters, but chains are joined by N instead of O
  • Formed by dehydration reaction between carboxylic acid and amine or ammonia
Naming Amides
  • Amine becomes alkyl group (N-alkyl)
  • Acid becomes root, change ending from –oic acid to –amide

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