AV

1.7 Amines & Amides

Amines

  • Ammonia (NH3) with alkyl groups replacing hydrogens

    Types of Amines

Naming Amines

  • Systemic IUPAC name
    • alkane name, replace “e” with amine (propanamine)
  • Common Naming
    • Use amine as parent chain (propyl amine)
    • Use amine as branch (aminopropane)

Properties of Amines

  • Small amines are soluble in water, have higher boiling points than alkanes
  • N-H bond is polar
    • Primary amines are most polar, due to the two N-H bonds.
    • Tertiary amines are least polar, N is surrounded by three non-polar alkyl groups.

Amides

  • Like esters, but chains are joined by N instead of O
  • Formed by dehydration reaction between carboxylic acid and amine or ammonia

Naming Amides

  • Amine becomes alkyl group (N-alkyl)
  • Acid becomes root, change ending from –oic acid to –amide