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Louis Kossuth
Demanded independent gov, an end to serfdom, and a constitution
Yalta conference
Feb. 1945 meeting between the big 3 where they agreed on the Soviet Unions joining the Pacific war and on postwar arrangements
Appeasement
Giving into the demands of an aggressor to keep the peace
Lend-lease act
Law allowing FDR to sell or lend war materials to those fighting for freedom
Island-hopping
The act of recapturing some Japanese held islands while bypassing others
Kamikaze
Japanese pilot who undertook a suicide mission
Neutrality acts
A group of laws enacted by the U.S to avoid involvement in a European conflict
Axis powers
Germany, Italy, Japan
Truman doctrine
The policy of limiting communism to the areas already under soviet control
Rotten boroughs
Rural towns in England that sent members to parliament despite having few or no voters
Nuremberg Laws
Took away Jewish people’s citizenship
Women’s suffrage
Women’s voting right
Kulaks
Rich farmers blamed and punished for resistance
Fascism
A form of far-right authoritarianism focusing on nationalism and militarism
Black shirts
Militant fascists
Kellogg-Briand Pact
Agreement to avoid war between 15 countries
Spirit of Locarno
Displayed willingness for peace after WW1
Sigmund Freud
Popularized psychology, originator of psychoanalysis
Albert Einstein
Theoretical physicist who discovered the theory of relativity
Propaganda
Spreading of ideas to promote a cause or damage an opposing cause
Total war
No restrictions in rules, objectives, or scope, using all of a nations resources
Zeppelin
A large, gas filled balloon used by Germany
Schlieffen Plan
Plan for German military to avoid French defense and a 2 side war by running through neutral Belgium to quickly take out France while Russia mobilizes
Triple Alliance
AKA central powers, Germany, Italy, Austria, Britain
Militarism
Glorification of the military
Abolition movement
The campaign against slavery and the slave trade
Charles Stewart Parnell
head of the Irish nationalist movement
Dreyfus Affair
Jewish guy who got falsely accused
Secret ballot
Votes cast without announcing them publicly
Benjamin Disraeli
Leader of the conservative party, pushed the reform bill of 1867 to increase suffrage in England
Parliamentary democracy
A form of government where ministers are chosen by, responsible to, and members of an elected legislature or parliament
Coalition
An alliance of various political parties that join together to run a government
Louisiana purchase
A large territory bought from France in 1803, Thomas Jefferson doubled the size of the US
Manifest Destiny
The belief that the US was destined to expand from sea to sea across the entire North American content
Kaiser
Political leader in Germany
Camillo Cavour
A politician who worked to unify Italy
Giuseppe Garibaldi
A nationalist military leader who worked with Cavour to create a unified Italy
Anarchist
Person who wants to abolish all government
Pogrom
A violent mob attack on Jewish people
Duma
An elected national legislature in Russia
Alfred Nobel
A Swedish chemist who invented dynamite in 1866
Thomas Edison
Created the phonograph, motion picture camera, and practical electric light bulb
Assembly line
Production method that breaks down a complex job into a series of smaller tasks
Florence Nightengale
An army nurse in the Crimean War who worked to introduce sanitary measures in British hospitals and founded the world’s first school of nursing
Standard of living
A measure of the quality and availability of necessities and comforts in a society
Urban renewal
The process of fixing up the poor areas of a city
Cult of domesticity
A message put forth by books, magazines, and popular songs that idealized women and the home
Social gospel
A movement that urged Christians to social service
Victor Hugo
A french novelist who recreated his country’s past in novels such as The Hunchback of Notre Dame, rioter of realism
Ludwig van Beethoven
A romantic German composer whose music combined classical forms with a stirring range of sound
Bolsheviks
Russian communists
Franklin D. Roosevelt
President of the US in 1932
New deal
A massive package of economic and social programs introduced by FDR
Russification
Suppress non-russian cultures
Comintern
A communist group whose purpose was to encourage worldwide revolution
Gestapo
Hitler’s secret police
Dmitri Mendeleyev
Chemist who invented early periodic table
Joseph Lister
Started cleaning surgical gear
Louis Phillipe
“Citizen king”
Adolf Hitler
German politician and Nazi Party leader, became Chancellor in 1933 and FĂĽhrer in 1934
Marie Curie
Discovered radium and polonium
14 points
Principles by Woodrow Wilson on how to avoid war
Bessemer process
Named after Henry Bessemer, a steel making process
Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Organized the first women’s convention (Seneca Falls)
Zimmerman note
A coded message sent to Mexico proposing a military alliance against the United States
Totalitarian regime
A form of government with a dictator that attempts to assert total control over the lives of its citizens
Nuremberg
City in Germany where trials were held after WW2
Vladimir Lenin
Leader of the Bolsheviks
Corporation
Ownership of shares to investors
David Livingstone
Christian missionary who thought if trade was opened in Africa and they were converted to Christianity slavery would end
Hapsburgs
oldest ruling family in Europe, weird
Joseph Stalin
Led the Soviet Union from the mid-1920s until his death in 1953, was the General Secretary of the Communist Party and Premier of the Soviet Union
Millard Fillmore
Whig, became president after Zachary Taylor died. Signed the Compromise of 1850 to ease tensions over slavery.
Tokugawa family
Ruled Japan from 1603 to 1868, established the Tokugawa shogunate, also supported the arts and had strict isolationist policies.
Alexander III
Was the emperor of Russia
Muhammad Ali of Egypt
Military commander in the Albanian Ottoman force, “father of modern Egypt”
Otto Von Bismarck
Chancellor of the German reich
Prussia
In charge of the German confederation
Giuseppe Garibaldi
Leader of the red shirts
Dual monarchy
Austria and Hungary
Congress of Vienna
Group that wanted a new world order after Napoleon
Ethiopia
Only African country to not be invaded
Millard Fillmore
Forced Japan to open it’s ports
Berlin conference
Divided up Africa
Triple entente
France, Russia, Britain