Ohio

Ku Klux Klan (KKK)

a terrorist white supremacist hate group created during Reconstruction to prevent African Americans from gaining political power that would go on to attack immigrants and Catholics

Underground Railroad

A group of secret houses and routes that helped African-American slaves to escape to free states.

The American Revolution of 1776 / The War for Independence

The war for independence between the American colonies and Great Britain.

Fort Ancient Culture

a late prehistoric group of Native Americans who relied heavily on corn agriculture

Swing State

a state that is evenly divided between Republicans and Democrats, making election outcomes less predictable

Tecumseh

a member of the Shawnee Indian tribe who tried to form a confederacy of Native Americans to resist American settlement

The Great Migration

the migration of approximately six million African Americans from the South to the North during the 20th century

Rust Belt

describes Northeastern states after an economic and population shift to Southern and Southwestern states in the 1960s that caused many Northeastern factories to close

Adena Culture

a Native American group from the early Woodland period

Prophetstown

a settlement established by Tecumseh and his brother

Woodland Cultures

native people who developed permanent settlements and began using the warmer climate to cultivate crops

Ohio River Valley

a rich farmland on the west side of the Appalachian Mountains

Hopewell Culture

a Native American group from the middle Woodland period

Northwest Territory

Formed following the revolutionary war and included the land that now makes up part of Minnesota, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Michigan, and Wisconsin.

Battle of the Thames

a battle won by American soldiers in Ontario, Canada, during the War of 1812

Fugitive Slave Act

Required escaped enslaved people to be returned to their owners

I-Houses

a common type of house built by settlers that is typically two stories and one room deep

Proclamation of 1763

In an attempt to avoid conflicts with Native Americans, this was issued by King George and stated that colonists couldn't settle the Ohio River Valley.

Paleo-Indian

hunter and gatherer populations who arrived in North America at the end of the Ice Age

War of 1812

Battle between the US and the British Empire mainly over the British trying to restrict US trade. Sometimes called the "second war of independence."

French and Indian War / The Seven Years War

1756-1763. Conflict between the British and the French, who allied with Native American tribes. Britain's victory gave them all lands east of the Mississippi River and established them as the dominant force in North America.