Sectionalism Final Study Guide

Explain what Sectionalism is and its impact on America

a. Sectionalism is an excessive devotion the the interests of one particular part/region of a country or community

b. Sectionalism caused America to become divided between opinion and region, leading to increased tensions that eventually led to the start of the Civil War. This division was mainly between the north and south, and the main problem between the two were tariffs. The north welcomed it but the south despised it because the north was more industrial based and the south was agricultural based.

Explain Economic Growth in the North

a. The north was in the height of the Industrial Revolution, creating new technologies and factories, but they needed a system for businesses to flourish

b. To support this, they created Capitalism, a system that allows competitions to flourish, with low gov’t interference

c. Free Enterprise allowed for free to buy, sell, or produce whatever you wanted, creating a list of EPPC~(Economic Freedom, Private Property, Profit, Competition,)

d. Economic Freedom~allows someone to buy, sell, or trade their product however they choose, with little to no gov’t interference…Private Property~allows someone to own their business and property like their factory to produce their product…Profit~the amount of money gained from selling their product, can be used to invest back into company…Competition~helps people create better products and new inventions, determines pricing and decisions, and creates supply & demand

Determine the pros and cons of businesses in the north

a. (CON) Many factories had dangerous working environments, leading to workers getting injured or even dying. Companies would simply replace them and continue the dangerous labor without a thought of safety.

b. (PRO) Businesses encouraged competition and innovation, leading to many useful inventions and products that allowed for consumers to use in everyday tasks

c. (PRO/CON) Some businesses allowed children to work, earning more money for their families, but since the children were small they would work inside machines, with some getting injured or crushed by these machines

d. (CON) Many employees found the conditions unfair and went on strikes, refusal to work in order to put pressure on employers, and they wanted to have higher wages with 10 hour work days to account for the poor working conditions

Analyze the Election of 1824

a. Henry Clay, John Quincy Adams (son of John Adams), and Andrew Jackson were in the running

b. No candidate won the majority of electoral votes, with Jackson having the largest share of 99 votes. If there is no majority winner, H of R chooses…John Quincy Adams!

d. Quincy Adams’ administration was referred to as “corrupt bargain”, strong navy & fed gov’t, dark shadow cast

Analyze the Election of 1828

a. Andrew Jackson runs for president again as a dem. republican…believes in states rights and limited fed gov’t. opposing party is national republicans led by Adams…believes in strong fed and helping economy

b. Mudslinging is involved, attempts to ruin opponents reputation

c. Jackson wins in a landslide and has an overwhelming victory. This is most likely due to the war of 1812 because of how he gained fame and was deemed “hero of 1812”. Jackson is liked by small farmers, craft workers, or others who felt left out of economy (industrial revolution)

d. Jackson changed suffrage, the right for non-land owning people to vote, and shook bureaucracy—system where non-elected officials carry out laws

e. He replaced many federal workers with his supporters, creating the spoils system. “To the Victors Belong the Spoils”

Analyze Tariffs and its impact on the North and South

a. Tariffs were imposed on imports and exports, benefiting the north because it meant more people were likely to buy from their factories. This would hurt the south though because the south was more agricultural based and used slaves, and slaves are considered imports/exports, so the south has to pay more taxes for slaves, angering the farmers.

b. States argue to nullify, cancel a federal law

c. States call for secession—secede, to break away from the U.S and form own gov’t

d. Jackson thinks “our federal union must be preserved!”, and creates a compromise bill w/ lower tariff

e. South takes “victory”, but realizes states can’t leave w/out a fight

Analyze the Indian Removal Act

a.