Plant Biology Lecture Notes

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to plant biology, including definitions and characteristics of plant structures, types, and growth patterns.

Embryophytes

Also known as land plants, characterized by multicellular dependent embryos.

Chara

A genus of green algae that shares characteristics with land plants.

Phragmoplast

A structure formed during cell division in Charophytes, made of microtubules.

Gametophyte

The stage in the life cycle of a plant that produces gametes.

Sporophyte

The diploid phase of a plant's life cycle that produces spores.

Xylem

Vascular tissue in plants that conducts water and dissolved minerals.

Phloem

Vascular tissue in plants that transports the products of photosynthesis.

Gymnosperms

Seed-producing plants that have seeds unenclosed by an ovary.

Angiosperms

Flowering plants that produce seeds enclosed in fruit.

Monocots

Plants that have one cotyledon in their seeds.

Dicots

Plants that have two cotyledons in their seeds.

Parenchyma cells

Thin-walled versatile cells that perform various functions including storage and metabolism.

Collenchyma cells

Cells with thickened primary walls that provide support while allowing for growth.

Sclerenchyma cells

Cells with thick secondary walls that often die at maturity, providing structural support.

Apical meristem

A region of actively dividing cells at the tips of roots and shoots.

Secondary growth

Growth that increases the thickness of stems and roots, involving vascular cambium.