Maritime final review

What did the Chinese, Vikings & Polynesians accomplish prior to the Maritime Revolution?

China explored Indian Ocean. Vikings discovered North America, Greenland and Iceland. Polynesians founded Hawaii.

Tributary System – What did people have to do for the Chinese emperor? What does this tell us about China?

They had to kowtow. Give gold. So, they could trade with China.

Why is 1450 considered to be part of a new era?

The new and old world were connected.

How did Portugal begin the Maritime Revolution? Who did Portugal have to force out in order to achieve that goal?

They conquered the Indian ocean. They forced the Arabs out.

Cartaz?

license sold by the Portuguese to trade on the Indian Ocean.

West African Trade v. East African Trade How open were they to trade with the Portuguese/Europeans?

East Africa was not open as they were Muslims who had been educated about the crusades.

Why does John Green call the Portuguese “glorified pirates?” – How is their control of a major trade route different from the Mongols?

They conquered a trade route but did not innovate it.

Largest migration since Columbus’ “discovery?” 1492 - 1692

The west africans migration

Conquistadores (What was their primary goal? Secondary goal?)

1. Gold 2. Power and religion.

Causes & consequences of Aztec & Inca defeats

Guns, germs and steel, horses, the wheel - germs kill the most natives.

Native American trade networks Size compared to those of the Eastern Hemisphere

Small, limited due to population.

Potato From where? Effect on Europe

Andes, South America —> Europe

Economic consequences of Silver mining in the Americas (on Europe, on China, Pieces of Eight, Petosi)

1. Generates wealth for spain, creates financial centers in Europe

2. Much of it flows to China

3.Queen Elizabeth intensifies political rivalry by allowing pirates to raid Spanish ships

How were inventions from other cultures key to European success

Helped explore like the magnetic compass and astrolabe.