PD 856

Food

Any raw, cooked or processed edible substance

Adultered food

Food that contains any poisonous or deleterious substance

Food materials

Are food left over, kitchen cooking waste

Readily perishable foods

Any food of such type or in such condition as may spoil

Dairies

Establishment for the production, sale and distribution of milk/milk products

Food establishment

An establishment where food and drinks are manufactured

Food cart

A non enclose movable stand

Food stall

A permanently constructed food booth

Grocery

Where staple food articles are handled and sold

Sari sari store

A convenient store

Appliances

Includes the whole or part of any utensil, machinery and apparatus intended for making and preparing of any food

Single service apparatus

Readily destructible materials after used

Caterer

Any person, firm or corporation operating a kitchen for the preparation of food and drink for sale

Food handler

Any person who handles, stores with any eating or cooking utensil

Misbranding

All possible condition of fraud, mislabeled goods

Sanitize

An effective bactericidal treatment to render surface of utensils and equipments

Vermin

A group of insect or small animals

7°C

Readily perishable food shall be stored ____

Below 7°C

Food to be seed cold shall be kept ____

Not below 60°C

Food to be served hot shall be kept ____

Not more than -12°C

Frozen food shall be kept at____

0-3°C

Meat and fish shall be stored ____

5-7°C

Milk and milk product shall be stored___

7-10°C

Fruits and vegetables shall be stored___

10-15°C

Dry storage ____

20 FC

Where food is prepared

5 FC

Where food is consumed

100 FC

Requires discrimination of fine detail

50 FC

Require discrimination of details

10 FC

Not involving discrimination of fine details

5 FC

Not requiring critical seeing

0.005 cu.m /s/person

Natural air supply in work room

0.015cu.m/s/person

Work rooms in which the work is demanding

6

Mechanical ventilation for toilets must be changed not less than ____times / hr

1.02
M/s

Air velocity

26.67°C

Ideal temp. In workplace

12 sq.ft

Area / below 25 person

11 Sq. Ft

Area / 25-74 person

10 Sq. Ft

Area/ 75-149 person

9 Sq. Ft

Area / 150-500 persob

8 Sq. Ft

Area/ more than 500

Hot water; 77°C

At least 30 s in a clean ___ at least ____

50-100 ppm

At least one minute in lukewarm _____ chlorine solution

77°C; 15mins

Steam cabinet at least ____ for ____ mins

82°C; 20mins

Open hot air cabinet at ____ for ____

12.5ppm

Water with iodine ____ for 1 min

Once every 3 mos.

Class A establishment

Once every 2 mos.

Class B establishment

Once every mos

Class C establishment

At least once a week

Market establishment

At least ince every six months

Other food establishment

Class A

50 seating capacity

Class B

30 seating capacity

Class C

10 seating capacity

Class A and B

Conpulsory air conditioning

915m

Areas which are ___ above sea level are exempted in air conditioning

15 sq.m

Groceries has min area of ___

8 sq.m

Sari sari store has area of ___

9.3 sq.m - 3.06 sq.m

Baking room has ___ and ___

What ages does the AAP and Bright Futures recommend children to be regularly scheduled for health supervision visits?

12, 15, 18, 24 and 30 months followed by annual visits at age 3 and 4

What is being addressed during health supervision visits from age 1-4?

Concerns and questions from parents
Child's growth and development
Comprehensive physical exam preformed
Provide guidance about healthy habits/behaviors, social competence of caregivers, family relationships and community interactions

What is one of the biggest concerns of prevention of children in the age group 3-4 years old?

Preventing obesity, most children begin upward trajectory during this time

How often do you need to provide regular, scheduled visits for health supervision from ages 5-10?

AAP and Bright Futures recommend annual health supervision visits

Should you include the child in the discussions involving health, safety, development and guidance?

Yes, older children enjoy talking directly with the examiner

About 12-20% of children from age 5-10 have what type of condition?

Some form of chronic physical, developmental or mental condition

What is the order of examination in a child compared to an adult?

It is the same as it is in an adult. Examine painful areas last and if child resists part of examination, you can return back to it at the end

How do you optimally measure height in children older than 2 years?

Standing, with wall-mounted stadiometers
Heels, back and head against a wall or back of stadiometer.

What is short stature?

Subnormal height for age

What can cause short stature?

Can be a normal variant or caused by endocrine or other diseases

What are normal variants of short stature?

Familial short stature and constitutional delay

What are other diseases that can cause short stature?

Growth hormone deficiency
Endocrine diseases
Gastrointestinal disease
Renal or metabolic disease
Genetic syndromes

How much should children grow after age 2?

At least 5 cm per year

How should a child be weighed ?

In their underwear or in a gown on a stand-up scale (as long as they can stand)

Do you need to continue to measure head circumference?

No, after 24 months it is no longer necessary unless genetic or CNS disorder suspected

What are etiologies of failure to thrive?

Psychosocial, interactional, gastrointestinal and endocrine disorders

Can you use BMI in a child to assess for subsequent health risks from obesity?

Yes, there are age and sex-specific charts available for children over 2

Children that have exogenous obesity tend to be short or tall for their age? Endocrine causes are short/tall?

Exogenous=tall for age
Endocrine=short for age

Underweight BMI group

Healthy weight BMI group

5-85th percentile

Overweight BMI group

85-95th percentile

Obese BMI group

>95th percentile

When do children most commonly have high blood pressure?

When crying, exercise and anxiety

What is the most frequent cause of an elevated blood pressure in children?

Improperly performed examination (incorrect cuff size) Also-White coat hypertension

How do you select the appropriate BP cuff for a child?

The same way you would an adult-Wide enough to cover 2/3 of the upper arm or leg

What is an alternative way to measure blood pressure in a "chubby infant" where the Korotkoff sounds are difficult to hear?

Use palpation to determine systolic blood pressure
systolic BP is approx 10mmHg LOWER by palpation than auscultation

What is the difference in blood pressure reading from the thigh compared to the arm?

The thigh are approx 10mmHg HIGHER than those from the upper arm

If your patient has the same blood pressure when measured in the upper arm as well as in the thigh what should you be suspecting?

Coarctation of the aorta

What are some pharmacological reasons a child may have transient hypertension?

They are on medication for ADHD or asthma medication

What are causes of secondary HTN in children?

Renal, endocrine, neurologic disease; vascular causes, drugs or medications and psychologic causes

Blood pressure category

Normal

Blood pressure category 90-95th percentile

Prehypertensive

Blood pressure category >95th percentile

HTN

What is stage 1 HTN in children?

95th percentile to 5mm Hg above 99th percentile

What is stage 2 HTN in children?

>99th percentile plus 5 mm Hg

Is it extremely important to dx a child with HTN after one noted elevated reading?

No, it is important NOT to falsely label a child or adolescent as having HTN

What is the range and average heart rate of a child 1-2 years old?

Average=110
Range= 70-150

What is the range and average heart rate of a child 2-6 years old?

Average=103
Range= 68-138

What is the range and average heart rate of a child 6-10 years old?

Average=95
Range= 65-125

What will you physical signs will you note in a child with bronchiolitis or pneumonia?

Rapid respirations (up to 80-90/min) ALSO increased work of breathing-grunting, nasal flaring, use of accessory muscles

How do you observe respiration in a young child?

Observe for TWO 30 second intervals or over 1 min, prior to stimulating them. Can directly ascultate the chest but may agitate the child