exam 3 balls

Revolver

A type of firearm that can hold only 6 bullets in a revolving cylinder.

Conical

Cone-like pattern, often referred to as a shotgun effect.

Sawed off shotgun

A shotgun with a shortened barrel, making it easier to conceal.

Shotgun gauge

A measurement of the shotgun barrel's diameter; higher gauge means smaller barrel and less kinetic energy.

Stopping power

The ability of a weapon to incapacitate a target.

Penetration power

The ability of a bullet to travel through surfaces.

Caliber

A unit of measurement for the diameter of cylindrical objects, particularly of firearms.

Marksmanship

A term describing a person's skill in shooting.

Grains

A unit of weight for bullets, measuring the mass of the projectile, not the gunpowder.

FMJ

Full Metal Jacket, a type of ammunition with a lead core encased in a metal jacket.

FMJBT

Full Metal Jacket Boat Tail; similar to FMJ but has a specific shape at the rear end.

SMG

Submachine Gun, a firearm that uses pistol calibers and can be fully automatic.

Rifling

Spiral grooves in the barrel of a gun that impart spin to a bullet for increased accuracy.

Caliper

A tool used for measuring length, width, thickness, and depth of objects.

Shooting distance

The distance from the gun's barrel to the target.

Accuracy

The degree to which a weapon hits its intended target.

Ammunition .22

A type of ammunition that can be used in pistols, rifles, or revolvers; rimfire type.

Safety mechanism

Features of a firearm that prevent it from discharging accidentally.

Grains

A unit of weight for bullets; 1 grain is approximately 0.065 grams.

Bullets

Projectiles fired from firearms, which can vary in shape, weight, and type.

Shotgun effect

A term describing the pattern of shot spread from a shotgun.

Trigger pull

The amount of force required to pull the trigger of a firearm.

Rifle

A firearm with a long barrel designed for accuracy.

Pistol

A type of firearm designed to be held and fired with one hand.

Hollow point bullet

A type of bullet designed to expand upon impact for increased stopping power.

Striation

Small scratches or marks on a bullet made during the firing process that can be used for identification.

Microscopic marks

Unique markings on fired bullets used for forensic analysis.

NIBIN

National Integrated Ballistic Information Network, a database for firearms crime analysis.

IBIS

Integrated Ballistics Identification System, a technology used for measuring and photographing bullet surfaces.

Evidence collection

The process of gathering physical evidence for forensic investigation.

ACR (Assault Carbine Rifle)

A term for rifles like the AR-15, characterized by a modular design and ability to switch between firing modes.

Breech face

The rear part of the chamber of a firearm where the cartridge is loaded.

Shooting residue

Material left behind after a gun is fired, often used in forensic analysis.

Automated ballistics comparison

A technology for comparing bullets and cartridge cases using digital imaging.

Lead core

The inner part of a bullet, typically made from lead, providing weight.

Barrel length

The length of a firearm's barrel, which affects accuracy and velocity.

Trigger mechanism

The components that make a firearm discharge when the trigger is pulled.

Twist direction

The direction in which the rifling grooves in a barrel spiral, either right-hand or left-hand.

Rifling twist rate

The measurement of how far the rifling makes a complete revolution along the barrel.

Fiber analysis

A forensic method used to compare textile fibers found at a crime scene.

Ballistics

The study of the motion of projectiles, especially bullets.

Witness testimony

Statements made by individuals about what they observed relevant to a case.

Motive vs Intent

Motive is the reason for committing a crime, while intent is the aim or objective behind it.

Counter-strike analysis

A method of assessing shooter's position based on the angle of bullet impacts.

Ejector mark

A mark left on a casing by the mechanism that ejects it from a firearm.

Nickel casing

A type of ammunition casing that is coated with nickel for corrosion resistance.

Ballistics gel

A substance used to simulate human tissue to test bullets' penetration and expansion.

Rugged construction

Features of a firearm designed to withstand environmental and operational stress.

Fingerprinting ammunition

The process of matching bullets and casings to specific firearms using unique markings.