ART HIST 100 FINAL VOCAB

Masjid

Mosque

Mihrab

Dents in Qibla Wall

Qibla

Mosque wall facing Ka’ba

Temenos

Sacred Space

Minaret

Tower on a mosque

Maqsura

Enclosure in mosque

Minbar

Mini staircase

Hypostyle

Bunch of columns

Reliquary

Containers for relics

Hajj

Pilgrimage— Journey to a Holy Site

Martyr

Dies for not giving up faith

Cult of Saints

Veneration of deceased Holy People

Intercession

Praying on behalf of another person

Romanesque

Thick, massive stone construction, round arches, and small, high windows, which resulted in dark interiors and a fortress-like appearance

Buttress

Projection outside of the wall— pressure for arches to be supported on

Ribbed Vault

Portal

Tympanum

Gothic

known for its dramatic, ornate, and often dark elegance, emphasizing height, intricate details (pointed arches, vaults, stained glass)

1140-15th century

Fourth Lateran Council

1215 big meeting to reform Christianity & improve public outreach- Pope Innocent III ~1400 reps

Abbot Suger

Inventor of Gothic- commissioned the first church to be built in the new style

Flying Buttress

extends from the upper part of a wall to a detached pier, allowing for greater support and stability for large buildings, especially cathedrals.

Bay System

A bay: distance between 2 vertical supports of a vault— repeating arches

Pointed Arch

Archivolts

Jamb

Trumeau

Tympanum

Quatrefoil

Clover shape—Vices & Virtues

Pax Mongolica

13th-14th Beijing to Ukraine; safe trade, cultural exchange, and technological transfer along Silk Roads— Marco Polo traveled from China to Europe

Yuan Dynasty

The Yuan Dynasty (1271–1368) was China's first foreign-ruled dynasty, established by Mongol conquerors led by Kublai Khan, grandson of Genghis Khan

Ilkhanate

Mongol founded SW territories of Mongol Empire

Stonepaste

Ground glass into clay—imitating porcelain

Luster Painting

Metallic ions fusing with the glaze in the kiln—iridescence

Nasij

Textile (dragon chasing flaming pearl—good luck)

Kitabkhana

Library or where books are made

Manuscript

A book written by hand

Codex

Stitched book we flip through

Timurid Empire

Dominated Greater Iran in the early 15th century, comprising modern-day Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan, much of Central Asia, the South Caucasus, and parts of contemporary Pakistan, North India, and Turkey

Folio vs. Page

Folio is the leaf of paper— page is the specific side

Recto vs. Verso

(L=Recto; R=Verso)

Monoscenic

a type of visual storytelling where a single, unified image or scene captures a significant moment from a larger narrative

Birds-eye perspective

Top down view— Humay and Humayun

Baptistery

Building where people get baptized

Basilica Church

Condottiero

Trompe l’oeil

Federico da Montefeltro

Cosimo de’ Medici

Fresco Painting

Tempera Painting

Overlapping, high point of view

Linear or one-point perspective

Orthogonals and vanishing point

Atmospheric or aerial perspective

Paragone

Di sotto in sù

Pounced Drawing

Cartoon

Triptych

Altarpiece

Donor Portrait

Sfumato

Neo-Platonism

Central Plan Church

Complementarity

Dualism

Quechua

Khipu

Qhapaq Ñan

Tawantinsuyu

Ayllu

Hanan and Hurin

Tinkuy

Ceques

Waka

Quri

Inti

Mesoamerica

Mexica

Nahua

Nahuatl

Aztlán

Mexica Triple Alliance

Altepetl

Huitzilopochtli

Hueyi Teocalli/Templo Mayor

Tzompantli

Tlachtli

Flowery War

Coatlicue

Coyolxauhqui

Legend of the Five Suns

Xiuhtecuhtli

Invasion

Black Legend

Chronicle

Tlacuilo

Pachacuti

Synecdoche

Part that stands in for the whole