Unit 4: Thermodynamics, Kinetics, and Enzymes

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What do enthalpy and entropy have to do with phase changes?

As you move from a solid to gas, you absorb more heat w

Spontaneous Reaction vs. Non Spontaneous Reaction

Spontaneous reactions don’t need extra energy

pairing an endergonic rxn with an exergonic one whose delta g “beats” (it’s so negative that when it’s added to a postive delta g the end result is still negative).

Why is ATP used as a source of energy?

The full name of ATP is adenine triphosphate- because of the three phosphates (all of which have negative charges,) the molecule is incredibly unstable, and thus generates a lot of energy when it stablizes into ADP + Pi

What are the two laws of Thermodynamics?

1. energy cannot be created or destroyed

2. When spontaneous rxns occur, the overall entropy of the universe increases.

Activation Energy

the energy needed for spontaneous rxns to get started. Exergonic reactions are spontaneous so they will occur, but because of activation energy they occur really slowly- too slowly for the body and most life processes

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the energy needed for spontaneous rxns to get started. Exergonic reactions are spontaneous so they will occur, but because of activation energy they occur really slowly- too slowly for the body and most life processes