RS GCSE Islam revision Core beliefs

What is the Khutba

A sermon held on Friday and at two major festivals. The import ants of Khutba is to glorify Allah and thank him for all he has done. Also a way to warn worshippers about Judgement day

What are Du’a prayers

they are personal prayers that a Muslim will add to there 5 daily. Normal they are to thank Allah, ask to keep family and friends safe. Some asks may be considered selfish though

Greater Jihad

The form of Jihad which refers to the inward struggle to be like Allah

Lesser Jihad

The form of Jihad which refers to the outward struggle for the faith

Jihad

This mean struggle- the struggle to follow God’s path. There are two form

Surah 2:190-194

Qur’anic verse which lays out some of the conditions under which lesser Jihad can take place

Mujahid

This is the term for someone who is undertaking a Jihad

Munkar

This refers to anything which is seen to be evil in the eyes of Allah

Maruf

This refers to anything which is seen to be good in the eyes of Allah

Id-ul-fitr

This marks the ending of the fasting during Ramadan. It is a day of celebration usually marked with communal meals, celebrations, prayer and sermons

Ashura

Shi’a observe a day of mourning here for Husayn’s martyrdom at the battle pf Karbala. Sunnis celebrate the prophet Nuh or the prophet Ibrahim

Id-ul-Adha

Celebrated during Hajj and worldwide, this remembers the willingness of Ibrahim to sacrifice his son Isma’il to God

Laylat al-Qadr

The night of power occurs during Ramadan; it marks the night when Muhammad was given the Qur’an by God

Hussayn

The grandson of the Prophet Muhammad

Id-ul-Ghadeer

This is Shi’a festival, which occurs on the 8th of Dhul Hajjah when Shi’as celebrate the appointment of Ali’s as successor to Muhammad

What should Muslims fast from

Sex, food, smoking and drinks

Who is exempt from fasting

women on periods, pregnant women and ill people

If a Muslim misses a day of fasting what two options are there

to complete them later, or add another day

Lunar

The nature of the Islamic calendar; this means that the period of Ramadan can fall within any season as this will change year on year

Ummah

The community of global believers in Islam

Zakat

The Islamic system for almsgiving

Khums

This is an additional form of almsgiving practised by Shi’a Muslims. it involves the giving of 20% of one’s surplus income to charity

Nisab

This is the minimum amount of wealth that a Muslim can have in order to give Zakat. If a Muslims has wealth less than this, then they are exempt

Alms

Another term for giving charitably

What’s the import ants of the day of judgement

It shows Muslims whenever they lived a bad life or good life and if they lived by Allah’s rules

What do Sunni believe will happen on the day of Judgement

Isa (Jesus) will return for the final battle until Islam is the only true religion

What do Shi’a believe will happen on the day of Judgement

Shi’a’s believe the 12th Iman (the maadi) along with Isa will return. Together they will bring earth in it’s form

What is Eschatology

beliefs about the event, at the end of the world

What is predestination

The believe God knows what is going to happen but the Muslims believe that they still have freedom to make their own chose in life

Tawhid

the oneness of Allah

Risalah

Worship about the prophets

seal of the prophets

Refers to Muhammad who was given to Qur’an by Allah

What holy book did Ibrahim (Abraham) revise

Sahifah (the scrolls of Ibrahim)

What holy book did Musa (Moses) revise

Tawrat (Torah)

What holy book did Dawud (David) revise

Zabur (Psalms)

What Holy book did Isa (Jesus) revise

Injil (Gospel

What Holy book did Muhammad revise

Qur’an

Surah 112

He is Allah, the one and only, Allah, the eternal, Absolute, He begot none, Nor was he Begotten; and there is none like him

What do Sunni Muslims believe about Shi’a Muslims when it comes to Tawhid

They believe that they don’t fully believe in Tawhid; this is because Shi’a Muslims believe in the twelve Imans and will worship them on certain holidays

Transcendence

The belief that God is above and beyond all human knowledge and experience as well as not being constrained by the physical world

Immanence

The quality of God which describes his constant closeness to humans beings. Qur’an 50:16 describes God as being closer to men than jugular veins

Adalat

This means the justice of God in Shi’a Islam. Shi’as believe God will treat people justly according to their actions

Beautiful names

The idea that God has 99 specific monikers

shirk

The sin of contradicting Tawhid by professing that God is not one. There is a greater and lesser form of this sin, although both are serious

What are the 6 Articles of faith in Sunni Islam

Beliefs in Prophets, Belief in the Judgment day, Belief in Angels, Belief in Divine books, Belief in Quar and Belief in God

Israfil

He will blow the trumpet to announce the day of judgement

Mika’il

Seen as the guardian of heaven, who sent rain, thunder and lighting to earth on Allah’s command

Izra’il

Know as the angel of death and is responsible for separating a humans soul from their body

Jibril

The chief angel is Jibril. Brought Allah’s message to Muhammad on the night of power

Jannah

Heaven

Jahannam

hell

Predestination

The believe everything has already been planned by Allah

Barakah

Period of waiting between when you die and judgement day

Shi’a believe what?

Ali should of been the next prophet, And our actions are predestined because God in his almighty power already decided

Sunni’s believe what?

Abu Bakr should of been the next prophet, and God already know what we will do however they also believe that we do have free will

Predestination

Allah has already decided what will happen

Al-Ma’ad

Belief in the day of resurrection

Malaikah

Arabic term for angels

Rasuul

Prophet who has a revelation for all mankind

Light

The substance from which god made angels

Sifat

The prior knowledge of what is to come that is possessed by God

Shi’a view’s on judgement day

Isa will return then the 12th Iman (the maadi). Together they bring earth to it’s true form

Sunni view’s on judgment day

Isa will return for the final battle until Islam is the only true religion

Transcendent

God is not apart of the world that we know and cannot be fully understood by human beings

Immanent

Allah’s closeness to every human being

Risalah

prophethood

Jumu’ah prayers

Prayer offered every Friday at mosques

Ummah

Wider Muslim community

Prayer beads

Used to recite the 99 names of Allah or repeat phrases

Sunni’s give what amount during Zakat

2\.5%

Sh'i’a give what amount during Zakat

20%

‘Every act of goodness is charity’

Shahih Muslim, Hadith 496

Hajj

Performed between eight and twelfth of Dhul-Hijjah, the last month is the Islamic calendar to Makkah

Ihram

State of holiness that Muslims are required to be in before beginning on hajj

Journey in Hajj

Makkah, Mina, Arafat, Muzdalifah, Three pillars at mina

Five pillars of Islam

1- Shahadah, Declaration of faith

2- Salah, Obligatory prayers

3- Zakat, Giving to charity

4- Sawm, Fasting

5- Hajj, Pilgrimage

What are the Shi’a 10 obligatory acts

The Five pillars of Islam plus

\-Khums- Giving 20% of savings to religious leaders to help poor

\-Amr-Bil-Maroof- Commanding what is right and promoting good

\-Nahi-Aril-Munkar- Forbidding what is wrong

\-Tawalla- Expressing love towards good

\-Tabarra-Expressing disassociation and hatred towards evil

what are the 5 daily prayers

1. Fajr- Morning prayer

2. Zuhr- Midday prayer

3. Asr- Late afternoon prayer

4. Maghrib- Prayer just after sunset

5. Isha- Night-time prayer

How many Muslims in England and wales are there

2\. 7 million

Why chose Ali

Risked his life to help Muhammad get away from people trying to kill him and was with Muhammad when he died

Why chose Abu Bukr

Muhammad asked Abu to lead the prayers while he was ill and he was one of the first to to covert to Islam

What are the parts of Wuam

Wash hands thoroughly, wash mouth 3 times, rinse nose with water and blow out X3, wash face thoroughly X3, wash both arms up to elbow X3 and with wet fingers wash over the back of your neck along with back of the ear and lobe

What are the five roots of Shi’a Islam

1. Tawhid

2. Belief in divide justice

3. Belief in Prophets

4. Belief in Imams

5. Belief in the day of resurrection

What are the six articles of faith in Sunni Islam

1. Tawhid (oneness of god)

2. Belief in angels

3. Belief in holy books

4. Belief in prophets

5. belief in afterlife

6. belief in predestination

Adam

The first prophet, sent out of heaven for eating from forbidden tree and sent to earth

Id-ul-Adha

Known as festival of sacrifice. Where Muslims will sacrifice an animal, The festival goes on of three days. The festival remembers the time Allah provided a lamb for Ibrahim to sacrifice intend of his son

Id-ul-Fitr

This festival marks the end of Ramadan when the crescent moon is sighted

Id-ul-Ghadeer

A Shi’a festival on the eighteenth of the Islamic month of Dhul-Hijjah to celebrate the day on which the prophet Muhammad delivered his last sermon

Greater Jihad

an inward struggle to defend religion

Lesser Jihad

An outward struggle to defend religion, aka holy war

Ashura

Celebrated as it’s the first day the prophet Muhammad dedicated to fasting