Ch8.1 Properties of Solutions Chem 101

Solvent:

the major component of the solution (What the solute is dissolved in)

Solute:

the minor component of the solution. The quantity of this will be smaller than the quantity of the solvent. (gets dissolved)

Solubility:

the ability of a solute to dissolve in a solvent to form a solution

If a solute dissolves well in a solvent it is labeled

Soluble

Solution:

a homogenous mixture formed when a solute dissolves in a solvent.

Concentrated:

There is a lot of solute in the solution

Diluted:

There is little solute in the solution

Saturated:

Maximum amount of solute is dissolved in a given amount of solvent.

Unsaturated:

Less than the maximum amount of solute is dissolved in the solution.

Supersaturated:

Solution contains more than the max amount of solute at a given temperature. VERY UNSTABLE. This happens when something is dissolved and then cooled without solid formation.

Saturation depends on what?

The state of the solute, temperature, and pressure

When dissolving a solid solute in a liquid solvent, the maximum amount of solute which can dissolved

Increases with temperature, and pressure has little effect in this instance

when dissolving a gas solute in a liquid solvent, the maximum amount of solute which can dissolved

decreases with temperature and increases with pressure

If a solute and solvent have similar properties/structure

the solute will often dissolve

Polar will disolve in

polar and nonpolar

Usually if a substance has an Oxygen or Oxygen and Hydrogen

it will be soluble in water (H2O) because they are alike.