Growing Internal Conflict and the War of 1812

Chesapeake-Leopard Incident

The confrontation between the British ship Leopard and the American ship Chesapeake that escalated tensions leading to the War of 1812.

Non-Intercourse Act

A law that replaced the Embargo Act, allowing trade with all nations except Britain and France.

Indian Resistance

The pushback from Native American tribes against settler expansion, primarily led by figures like Tecumseh.

War of 1812

A conflict between the United States and Britain, partly driven by impressment and territorial expansion.

Henry Clay

A key political leader and War Hawk who advocated for war with Britain and served as Speaker of the House.

John C. Calhoun

A prominent War Hawk and committee chair who pushed for war with Britain and supported Southern interests.

Impressment

The act of forcing American sailors into the British Navy, a significant cause of the War of 1812.

Battle of New Orleans

A major battle in the War of 1812 where General Andrew Jackson's forces achieved a decisive victory against the British.

Treaty of Ghent

The agreement that ended the War of 1812, restoring the status quo before the war.

War Hawks

Congressional leaders who promoted war with Britain in the years leading up to the War of 1812.

Nationalism

A strong sense of pride and loyalty to one's nation, which grew in the U.S. as a result of the War of 1812.

Fort McHenry

The fort in Baltimore harbor famously defended during the War of 1812, inspiring the Star-Spangled Banner.

Impressment

The act of seizing American sailors from ships and forcing them to serve in the British navy.

Peaceable Coercion

The policy attempted by Jefferson to engage with international powers without military conflict, particularly known through the Non-Intercourse Act.

Non-Intercourse Act

A law that opened trade with all nations except Britain and France, aimed at avoiding conflict while protecting American interests.

Harrison Land Law of 1800

Legislation allowing farmers to settle public land, enabling westward expansion.

Tecumseh

A Shawnee chief who organized several tribes to resist the expansion of settlers into Indian territory.

Battle of Tippecanoe

An 1811 conflict where Harrison's forces attacked Tecumseh's confederation, leading to disbandment of the Indian forces.

War Hawks

Members of Congress, particularly Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun, who strongly advocated for war against Britain in 1812.

Macon's Bill No. 2

A bill that attempted to reopen trade with Britain and France but was enacted too late to prevent war.

Chesapeake-Leopard Incident

A naval confrontation in 1807 where the British ship Leopard fired on and boarded the American ship Chesapeake.

The 'Indian Problem'

Refers to the challenge of American expansion into Indian territories, leading to policies aimed at relocating Native Americans or assimilating them.