Communication disorders

neurogenic communication disorder definition

inability to exchange information with others because of hearing, speech, and or language problems caused by impairment of the nervous system 

aphasia

language disorder

dysarthria and apraxia

motor speech disorder

degenerative and TBI 

cognition disorder 

what is a cerebrovascular accident

a blockage or a burst of an artery: also known as a stroke

thrombotic

clot from accumulation of plaque (stationary)

embolic 

clot moves from another part of body to the head 

hemorrhagic

bleeding in the brain 

aneursym

weakness in artery causing bulding but no breaking

acquired tends to start with the prefix

-a

congenital prefix 

=dys

damage to perisylvian language area can result in

aphasia

CVA secondary effects

edema: swelling of brain, infarct: tissue death in area of stroke

aphasia can be both 

expressive and receptive 

expressive aphasia

difficulty using language: speaking and writing

receptive aphasia

difficulty understanding language: reading and listening

perisylvian language areas 

primary auditory cortex, wernickes area, brocas area, arcuate fascilius 

auditory comprehension pathway

vestibulocochlear nerve )VIII, primary auditory cortex, wernickes

posterior cerebral artery supplies blood to 

occipital lobe 

middle cerebral artery supplies blood to

temporal lobe 

anterior cerebral artery supplies blood to

frontal lobe

brocas aphasia

can understand language but can’t produce it

wernickes aphasia

can’t understand language but can produce it 

global aphasia

can’t understand or produce language

nonfluent

under 100 words per minute

motor speech disorder 

speech disorders resulting from neurologic impairment affecting motor programming and neuromuscular execution of speech 

apraxia

disorder of motor programming of speech caused by brain damage, person knows what they want to say but can’t physically produce it

apraxia characteristics

hesitation and gaping of mouth: trying to find where to articulate

dysarthria 

disturbances in muscle control of speech mechanism caused by damage to either central or peripheral nervous system, results from paralysis, weakness, incoordination 

TBI first injury

immediately when you hit your head, damage occurs within 2 seconds, can happed 2x

TBI second injury

occurs within a few hours after first injury, could be oxygen deprivation or blood loss