Research

What to Look for in research

• Is there a clearly defined question?

• Is the population/diagnosis stated?

• Is the treatment clear?

• Is there a clear description of study participants?

• How many? Within what age range? What other demographic details are available (e.g., race, gender)? With what condition?

• Is there a clear description of the materials and/or equipment used in the study?

• Are the results of the study indicated in clear tables and figures?

Where to find “Is there a clearly defined question? Is the population diagnosis stated? Is the type of treatment clear?”

Title, Abstract and Introduction (usually the last sentence in this section.

Where to find “Is there a clear description of the study participants? How many? Within what age range? What other demographic details are available (e.g., race, gender)? With what condition?

• Methods

APA Formatting

• Reference list component

• Resources:

  • APA Website

  • UCF-Based APA Guide

Anatomy of APA References for Journal Articles

Author, A.A., & Author, B.B, & Author, C.C (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical, volume number(issue number), pages. https://doi.org/xx.xxx/yyyy

Clinical Applications: Neurogenic Speech Disorders Outline

• Subsystems of speech and vocalization

• Subcortical and cortical structures of speech and vocalization

• Neuroscience of speech disorders

Neurological Underpinnings of Speech and Vocalization

• Neuroscience is a key element of all subsystems of speech and vocalization

  • Respiration

  • Phonation

  • Velopharyngeal/Resonance

  • Articulation

What are all the subsystems of speech and vocalization?

Respiration, phonation, resonance and articulation

Respiratory Subsystem

Phonatory Subsystem

Resonance Subsystem

Articulatory Subsystem

Speech disorders

• Motor speech disorders

  • Dysarthrias

  • Apraxia of speech

• Other speech disorders

Dysarthria

• Neurological speech disorders associated with one (or more) of the following:

  • Weakness

  • Spasticity

  • Incoordination

  • Involuntary movements

  • Altered muscle tone

Lower Motor Neuron lesion location

peripheral nerve, cranial nerve motor nuclei and spinal ventral gray

Lower Motor Neuron pathology

bell’s palsy, peripheral nerve lesion, gullain barne syndrome, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Lower motor neuron muscle tone

hypotonia and flaccidity

Lower motor neuron reflex activity

absent or decreased reflexes and no pathologic reflexes present

Lower motor neuron voluntary movement

fine and gross movement impaired individual or groups of muscles affected