BIOL 1262 - Structural Diversity in Bacteria

These flashcards cover key terms related to the structural diversity in bacteria as outlined in the BIOL 1262 lecture notes.

Lipoprotein

A molecule composed of a lipid and a protein, found in the cell membranes of bacteria.

Peptidoglycan

A polymer that makes up the cell wall of many bacteria, providing structural support.

Lipopolysaccharide

A major component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, consisting of a lipid and a polysaccharide.

Porin

Proteins that form channels through the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria to allow the passage of small molecules.

Capsule

A compact, organized layer of polysaccharides on the surface of some bacteria, which aids in protection and adhesion.

Slime layer

A diffuse, unorganized layer of polysaccharides that provides protection and aids in adhesion.

Flagella

Thread-like appendages that provide motility to bacteria through a rotary motion.

Periplasmic space

The space between the outer membrane and the cytoplasmic membrane in Gram-negative bacteria, contains hydrolytic enzymes.

Nucleoid

The irregularly shaped region in prokaryotic cells where the single circular DNA molecule is located.

Endospore

A resistant, dormant structure formed by some bacteria in unfavorable conditions, capable of surviving extreme environments.