Prokaryotes Flashcards

flashcards from class

bacteria

Most _________ function as independent single-celled, unicellular organisms

spirilla

_______ is occasionally found in short chains

spirochetes

Rarely remain attached after cell division

motility

The primary function of flagellum is

monotrichous

_________ is single flagellum

lophotrichous

_______ is small bunches or tufts of flagella emerging from the same site

amphitrichous

_________ has flagella at both poles of the cell

chemotaxis

_________ is movement of bacteria in response to chemical signals

spirochetes

______ is corkscrew-shaped bacteria

Fimbria/fimbriae

Small, bristle-like fibers sprouting off the surface of many bacterial cells is called

S

Single layers of thousands of copies of a single protein linked together is a ____ layer.

slime

_________ layer protects against loss of water and nutrients

cell wall

What helps determine the shape and provides structural support of a bacterium?

Lysis

Rupture of a cell means

mycoplasmas

What bacteria naturally lacks a cell wall?

porin proteins

Special membrane channels that only allow certain chemicals to penetrate are

gram-negative

An outer membrane of ________ bacteria contributes an extra barrier making it more difficult to inhibit or kill than gram-positive bacteria.

cytoplasm

What serves as a pool for building blocks for cell synthesis or sources of energy?

bacterial chromosome

The hereditary material of most bacteria exists in the

plasmids

Nonessential pieces of DNA are called ______.

ribosomes

Site of protein synthesis are the

sporulation

__________ is induced by environmental conditions

bacillus

Bacterial Endospores are produced by _________ , Clostridia, and Sporosarcina

Bacillus anthracis

Agent of anthrax is

Clostridium botulinum

Cause of botulism is

extremophiles

A microorganism of the archaean, that lives in conditions of extreme temperature, acidity, alkalinity, or chemical concentration is an

Systematic

A comprehensive view of bacterial and archaeal relatedness is Bergey’s Manual of ________Bacteriology

Determinative

Bergey’s Manual of _______ Bacteriology is based entirely on phenotypic characteristics.

Gracilicutes

________________ are gram-negative with thin cell walls

Firmicutes

_________ are gram-positive with thick, strong cell walls

Tenericutes

________ lack a cell wall and are soft

Mendosicutes

___________ are primitive cells with unusual cell walls and nutritional habits

Bacterial species

A collection of bacterial cells which share an overall similar pattern of traits is

strain

Bacteria of the same species that have differing characteristics are Subspecies, _______ , or type.