Quizbowl Biological Compounds II

Degraded into DOPAC

Dopamine

Linked to ADHD

Dopamine

can be synthesized from uracil thru theophylline intermediate

Caffeine

synthesis uses dimethylurea and malonic acid

Caffeine

Purine structure similar to adenosine

Caffeine

Phosphodiesterase can form

ATP

Aids in own production w/ cardiolipin

ATP

“ABC” molecules

ATP

“Cassette” proteins

ATP

CFTR protein

ATP

F-type protein named for

ATP

mono/polycistronic

RNA

A-minor motif

RNA

Oxidized dehydro form

Vitamin C

butyrobetaine dioxygenase uses as coenzyme

Vitamin C

Required in synthesis of collagen

Vitamin C

Scotopic vision

Vitamin A

Synthesis of rhodopsin

Vitamin A

Bitot’s spots signal deficiency of

Vitamin A

Administered w/ vaccines

Vitamin A

Xerophthalmia signals deficiency of

Vitamin A

Important vitamin in blood clotting

Vitamin K

“Epoxide” form

Vitamin K

phylloquinone

Vitam

Aromatase catalyzes the synthesis of

Estrogen

Bisphenol A mimics

Estrogen

Quasi-steady state assumption

Enzymes

Lineweaver-Burke plot

Enzymes

burst phase model

Enzymes

Classified in EC system

Enzymes

tracked with para-nitrophenol formation

Enzymes

I-motifs

DNA

Replication protein A prevents secondary structures

DNA

DX/TX arrays

DNA

First isolated by Freidrich Miescher

DNA

B/Z forms

DNA

G-quadruplexes

Telomeres

Hayflick limit

Telomeres

Located by HML/HMR sites

Telomeres

hetero/eu forms

Chromatin

condenses when HATs methylate lysine

Chromatin

Makes up 30-nanometer fiber

Chromatin

Proteins with a bromodomain motif will bind

Chromatin

SWI/SNF complex

Chromatin

Carcinomas cause “salt-and-pepper” appearance

Chromatin

BAC/YACs

Plasmids

Encode zinc finger nucleases

Plasmids

Hybrid variety contains cos sequences

Plasmids

hok/sok system

Plasmids

Postsegregational killing systems

Plasmids

“Jumping genes”

Transposons

Class I type w/ retro- prefix

Transposons

First synthetic ex. Named Sleeping Beauty

Transposons

Gypsy/P element

Transposons

Alu elements

Transposons

Weiss units

DNA

Binds to TATA box

RNA Polymerase

Halted by stem-loops and rho factor

RNA Polymerase

Sigma factor recognizes -35 and -10 sites

RNA Polymerase

alpha-amanitin inhibits

RNA Polymerase

Bridge, rudder, trigger loop subunits

RNA Polymerase

Contains hydroxyproline

Collagen

Goodpasture’s Syndrome

Collagen

Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome

Collagen

Domino effect synthesis: squalene cyclizes four times

Cholesterol

Orients with sphingomyelin at rafts

Cholesterol

chiral nematic phase named after

Cholesterol

disassembled by cofilin

Actin

CapZ

Actin

“G” type

Actin

Muscle contractions

Actin

P53

Actin

Vinculin

Actin

induced by domperidone

Milk

Side effect of risperidone

Milk

produced by alveolar cells found in lobules

Milk

Babcock Test

Milk

First protein to be fully sequenced

Insulin

Frederick Sanger

Insulin

C-peptide removed to connect A- and B- chains

Insulin

Growth factors named after similarity to

Insulin

4 IRK channels

Insulin

basal nucleus of Meynert

Acetylcholine

Receptors destroyed in myasthenia gravis

Acetylcholine

Galantamine inhibits breakdown of

Acetylcholine

Nicotinic and muscarinic receptors

Acetylcholine

Proposed as cause of Alzheimer’s disease

Acetylcholine

Mediates neuromuscular interactions

Acetylcholine

Arginine/lysine residues

Histones

Trithorax/Polycomb proteins

Histones

Dimers form “handshake” motif on

Histones

PAD4 citrullination

Histones

Delta, kappa, and mu receptors

Opioids

Naloxone and naltrexone can reverse

Opioids

substantia gelatinosa contains receptors for

Opioids

Leading cause of ulcers

Cortisol

created in the zona fasciculata

Cortisol

Counteracts insulin

Cortisol

Inhibits synthesis of collagen

Cortisol

tubarial glands

Saliva