7. (Anatomy) Ch.4 Vocab

Acne

An active infection of the sebaceous glands

Apocrine Glands

The less numerous type of sweat glands. Its secretions contain water, salts, fatty acids, and proteins.

Athletes foot

An itchy, red, peeling condition of the skin between the toes, resulting from an infection with the fungus.

Blackhead

When the accumulated material in the sebaceous glands oxides and dries and darkens.

Boils/Carbuncles

Boils are caused by inflammation of hair follicles and surrounding tissues, commonly on the dorsal neck.

Carbuncles are clusters of Boils, often caused by the bacterium.

Decubitus Ulcer (bed sores)

Occur in bedridden patients who are not turned regularly. Or who are dragged/pulled across the bed regularly. The weight of the body puts pressure on the bony projectors. At pressure points, blood supply is restricted, skin becomes pale/blanched. Cells can die, and small cracks/breaks. Superficial blood vessels will damage permanently and will result in degeneration and Ulceration of the skin.

Dermis

The deep layer of the skin; composed of dense, irregular connective tissue.

Eccrine Gland

The numerous type of sweat gland found all over the body, but particularly abundant on the palms, soles of the feet, and forehead.

Secretion contains: water, salts, and metabolic wastes such as urea and uric acid.

Epidermis

The outer layer of the skin; on epithelium

Epithelial membrane

Membrane composed of epithelial tissue with an underlying layer of connective tissue; covering and lining membranes.

Exocrine glands

Glands that have ducts through which their secretion are carried to the body surface (skin or mucosa)

Keratin

A tough, insoluble protein found in tissues such as hair, nails, and epidermis of the skin.

Keratinocytes

A cell of the epidermis that produces keratin.

Matrix

The material or tissue that surrounds and supports cells and tissue in the body: extracellular matrix.

Melanin

The dark pigment synthesized by melanocytes responsible for skin color.

Melanocytes

A cell in the skin and eyes that provides and contains the pigment called melanin.

Merkel Cells

Cells associated with nerve endings that serve as touch receptors.

Mucous membrane

Membrane that forms the linings of body cavities open to the exterior (digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive tracts).

Pericardium

The membranous sac enveloping the heart.

Peritoneum

The serous membrane lining the interior of the abdominal cavity and covering the surfaces of the abdominal organs.

Papillary layer

Superficial layer of dermis bordering epidermis; containing dermal papillae, the cause of fingerprints.

Psoriasis

Characterized by reddened epidermal lesions covered with dry, silvery, scales that itch, burn, crack, and sometimes bleed.

• Autoimmune disorder in which the immune system attacks a persons own tissues, leading to the overproduction of skin cells

• Often triggered by trauma, infection, hormonal changes, or stress

Reticular Layer

Deep layer of the dermis.

Contains: hair follicles, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, and is highly vascular.

Sebaceous Gland

Glands that empty their sebum secretion into hair follicles

Sebhorrea (Sebhorreic dermatitis)

A skin condition that causes the skin to produce too much sebum, an oily substance, which results in greasy scale, and an oily appearance.

Sebum

Oily secretion of sebaceous glands.

Serous Fluid

A clear, watery fluid secreted by the cells of a serous membrane.

Serous Membrane

Membrane that lines a cavity without an opening to the outside of the body (except for joint cavities, which have synovial membrane); serosa.

Sudiferous Glands

The glands that produce a saline solution called sweat

Sweat

the release of liquid from the body’s sweat glands. the liquid contains salts —> perspiration/sweating helps your body stay cool

Impetigo

Pink, fluid-fill lesions (community around the mouth and nose) that develop a yellow crust and eventually rupture.