health and human development

the rationale of the SDGs

the rationale of the SDGs

to replace the millennium development goals, progress in all areas was uneven across regions and countries, new global challenges have emerged

objectives of the SDGs

end extreme poverty, fight inequality and injustice, address climate change

key features of SDG 3

reduce maternal mortality, end all preventable deaths under 5 years of age, fight communicable diseases, reduce mortality from non-communicable diseases and promote mental health, achieve universal health coverage

universal health coverage - SDG 3

developing and improving health systems so that all people can access quality and affordable healthcare. All countries having strong, resilient and people-centred health systems.

maternal health and wellbeing - SDG 3

good quality antenatal, childbirth and postpartum care, access to family planning and education to prevent unintended pregnancies.

communicable diseases - SDG 3

aids, tuberculosis, malaria, neglected tropical diseases, hepatitis

SDG 3 - communicable diseases - AIDS

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, caused by HIV, spread through bodly fluids. It damages and weakens the body’s immune system and the body loses ability to fight infections and the infected person develops AIDS

SDG 3 - communicable diseases - tuberculosis

highly contagious bacterial disease that affects the lungs. it is spread from person to person via the air. Symptoms include night sweats, persistent cough, tiredness, weight loss, coughing up blood. It is treatble and curable

SDG 3 - communicable diseases - malaria

a life-threatening disease caused by parasites that are transmitted to people that are transmitted to people when bitten by infected female mosquitos

SDG 3 - communicable diseases - hepatitis

a viral infection that causes inflammation of the liver

SDG 3 - non-communicable diseases - the four main NCD’s

cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease and respiratory diseases

SDG 1 - no poverty - key features

eliminate poverty in all its forms everywhere, eradicate extreme poverty

what are the SDGs

no poverty, zero hunger, good health and wellbeing, quality education, clean water and sanitation, climate action

SDG 2 - zero hunger - key features

end hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture, end hunger and ensure access for all people

SDG 3 - quality education - key features

ensure inclusive and equitable education and promote lifelong learning oppurtunities for all

SDG 4 - gender equality - key features

acheive gender equality and empower all women and girls, end discrimination and violence agianst women and girls

SDG 6 - clean water and sanitation - key features

ensure availability and suatinable managment of water and sanitation for all, universal and equitable access to safe and affordable dirnking water

SDG 13 - climate action - key features

take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts, strengthen the resilience and capacity of all countries to adapt to climate-related hazards and natural disasters

what are the priorities of the WHO

acheiving universal health coverage, addressing health emergencies, promote healthier populations

what are the core functions of the WHO’s work

develop policies to help countries take action to promote health and wellbeing, conduct research and provide health and wellbeing information

work of the WHO in achieving universal health coverage

service access and quality, health workforce, access to medicines vaccines and health products, health information systems, advocacy

work of the WHO in addressing health emergencies

building and sustaining resilience to keep the world safe from epidemics

work of the WHO in promoting healthier populations

accelerating action on preventing non-communicable diseases, accelerating elimination and eradication of high impact communicable diseases

what are the types of AID

humanitarian/emergency aid, bilateral aid, multilateral aid

humanitarian/emergency aid

the rapid assistance gievn to people or countries in immediate distress to relieve suffering during and after man-made emergencies and natural disasters

bilateral aid

the provision of aid from the government of one country to the government of another country. helps to reduce poverty and bring about long term sustainable development by helping governments of recipient countries to become self-sufficient

multilateral aid

the provision of aid through an international organisation such as the World Bank and the UN who combine donations from countries and use the funds to suppory countries in need

Australias partnerships in providing aid

other government departments, private sector partnerships, bilateral partnerships, multilateral organisations, NGO’s

Australia’s aid priorities

infrastructure, trade facilitation and international competitiveness

education and health

gender equality and empowering women and girls

building resilience: humanitarian assistance, disaster risk education and social protection

effective governance: policies, institutions and functioning economies

agriculture, fisheries and water

benefits of NGO aid

strong connections to local communities which means trust has been established, access to areas that other dont or cant reach such as rmeote areas, comprehensive knowledge of poverty and its causes at a community level

what is world vision

an NGO that works with children, families and communities around the world to overcome poverty and injustice

how is world vision implemented

training and supporting health workers, intensive breast feeding programs for malnourished children, agricultural training on growing new and more diverse range of crops to improve food security

world food programme aims

to ensure that children do not go hungry and are better able to conecntrate and function in class and their day-to-day life as well as encouraging students to attend school

world food programme partnerships

united nations education, scientific and cultural organisation

world food programme as an effective aid program

ownership - involves the recipient country in all steps of the programme. working with the governemnt of the recipient countries and consulting the dietary guidelines of each country. aim for the governments to take ownership of their own programme

partnerships - the government of the recipient country, local schools and local agricultural businesses

focus on reuslts - collect data to analyse the effectiveness of the programme in meeting its targets

transparency and accountability - measures of the progress are released annualy to the general public

features of effective aid programs

ownerships - recipient countries involved in deciding the type of aid that will best meet their need

partnerships - involvement of all people and organisations involved

focus on results - must aim to have a long-term impact on reducing poverty and inequality and promoting health and wellbeing and human development

transparency and accountability - the funding provided is used for its intended purpose and the program is monitored and assessed

dynamic definition

the health and wellbeing experience by an individual is constantly changing

subjective definition

the concept of health and wellbeing is viewed in many different ways

physical health and wellbeing

functioning of the body and its systems, capacity to perform daily activities, healthy body weight

social health and wellbeing

ability to form meaningful and satisying relationships, ability to manage and adapt appropriately to different social situations

emotional health and wellbeing

ability to express feelings in a positive way, ability to display resilience

mental health and wellbeing

ability to think and process information, low-levels of stress and anxiety, positive self-esteem

spiritual health and wellbeing

beliefs, values and ethics, morals, hope, peace, sense of meaning and belonging

optimal health and wellbeing as a resource individually

improve quality of life, reduce risk of illness, decrease stress and anxiety

optimal health and wellbeing as a resource nationally

economic benefit, social benefits, reduced levels of stress

optimal health and wellbeing as a resource globally

promotes peace and stability, promotes sustainability, supports optimal trade between countries

prerequisites for health - Sally Spoke Spanish In Spain even for Elly Poppy

peace, shelter, food, education, income, stable ecosystem, sustainable resources, social justice, equity

factors influencing health ststaus and burden of disease

smoking, alochol, body mass index, dietary risks,

factors influencing health ststaus and burden of disease - smoking

causes a fault in body cells as they divide which can lead to cancer. speeds up the process of atherosclerosis which increases blood pressure and the risk of heart attack

factors influencing health ststaus and burden of disease - alcohol

chronic liver disease, contains kilojoules which is a risk factor for obesity which can lead to CVD and type 2 diabetes and cancer

factors influencing health ststaus and burden of disease - body mass index

increased risk of hypertension and high levels of cholesterol which increases the rate of atherosclerosis and the risk of CVD

factors influencing health ststaus and burden of disease - dietary risks

under consumption of fruit and vegetables, under consumption of dairy products, high intake of fat, high intake of salt, high intake of sugar, low intake of fibre, low intake of iron

biological factors that contribute to vraitaions between population groups - betty called george while playing guitar

body weight, blood pressure, genetics, blood cholesterol, glucose regulation, low birth weight

socio-cultural factors that contribute to vraitaions between population groups - Fred called sally so empathetic already

food security, cultural norms, socio-economic status, employemnt status, access to healthcare

environemntal factors that contribute to vraitaions between population groups - amy called hannah with invites

housing, work environement, urban design and infrastructure, climate and climate change

public health definition

collective effort to improve health status of the entire population, the ways in which the governments monitor, regulate and promote health ststaus and prevent disease

policies and practices of old public health - issy was very bad at hayleys favorite que

imrpoved water and sewage systems and better sanitation, introduction of quarantine laws, better-quality housing and fewer slums, safe working conditions, improved food and nutrition, more hygenic birthing practices, provision of antentala and infant welfare services, mass vaccination programs

principles of the social model of health

address the broader determinants of health, reduce social inequities, empower individuals and communities, access to healthcare, intersectional collaboration

action areas of the ottowa charter - bad cats smell dead rats

build healthy public policing, create supportive environements, strengthen community actions, develop personal skills, reorient health services

quit

established in 1985 by the cancer council victoria to encourage, support and promote people in quitting smoking for preventable health reasons

the australian dietary guidelines

to achieve and maintain a healthy weight, be physically active and choose amounts of nutritious foods and drinks to meet energy needs
enjoy a wide variety of foods from these food groups
limit intake of foods containing saturated fat, added salt, added sugars and alcohol
encourage support and promote breastfeeding, care for your food: prepare and store it safely

nutrition australia

objectives to provide scientific information on key nutrition issues and encourage innovation in the dissemination of nutritional knowledge

GNI definition

the measure developed by the World bank to categorise countries according to income groupings

economic characteristics of high-income countries - layla always hates olives

high average incomes, wide range of industries, oppurtunities for global trade, low international debt

social characteristics of high-income countries - gabi belnick expects everyone should help lead

high levels of gender equality, low birth rates, high levels of employement, high levels of education, developed social security systems, developed health systems, access to technology, developed legal systems

environmental characteristics of high-income countries - womens football has increased crowds

access to safe water and sanitation, food security, adequate housing, adequate infratsrcuture, high levels of carbon dioxide emissions

factors that contribute to similarities and differences in health status and buden of disease

access to safe water, access to sanitation, poverty, inequality and discrimination

human development definition

creating an environemnt in which people can develop to their full potential and lead productive creative lives according to their needs and interests, it is about expanding peoples choices and enhancing capabilities, having access to knowledge, health and a decent starndard of living and participating in the life of their community and decisions affecting their lives

sustainability definition

meeting the needs of the present withought compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs

economic sustainability definition

ensuring that average incomes in all countries are adequate to sustain a decent standard of living and continue to rise in line with inflation

economic sustainability factors

innovation and diversity of industries, job creation, economic growth, trade

social sustainability definition

creating an equitable society that meets the needs of all citizens and can be maintained indefinently

social sustainability factors

elimination of poverty, gender equality, access to safe and decent working conditions, peace and security

environemntal sustainability definition

ensuring that the natural environment is used in a way that will preserve resources into the future

environmental sustainability factors

biodiversity, use of natural resources, waste removal and pollution, climate change