Neoplasms Lecture Notes

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts related to neoplasms and cancer treatment.

Benign Tumors

Non-cancerous growths that do not spread to other parts of the body.

Malignant Tumors

Cancerous growths that have the potential to invade and spread to other parts of the body.

Carcinogenesis

The process by which normal cells are transformed into cancer cells.

Metastasis

The spread of cancer cells from the primary site to distant sites in the body.

Invasion

The direct extension and penetration of cancer cells into neighboring tissues.

Adjuvant Therapy

Treatment given in addition to the primary therapy to maximize its effectiveness.

Nadir

The lowest point of cell count, often observed during chemotherapy treatment.

Palliative Treatment

Care designed to relieve symptoms without curing the disease, often used in advanced cancer.

Radiation Therapy

A treatment that uses high doses of radiation to kill cancer cells or shrink tumors.

Chemotherapy

Treatment using drugs that target rapidly dividing cancer cells, often given in cycles.

Gene Therapy

An experimental treatment that involves altering the genes inside cancer cells to treat or prevent disease.

Nutritional Interventions

Dietary adjustments made to support cancer patients' health and recovery.

Prognosis

The likely course or outcome of a disease, particularly in terms of survival rates.

Staging of Cancer

The classification of cancer based on the extent of disease spread.

Warning Signs of Cancer

Symptoms that may indicate the presence of cancer, such as unexplained weight loss, fatigue, or changes in skin.

Biologic Response Modifiers (BRMs)

Agents that stimulate the immune system to fight cancer.