Chemistry Flashcards: Matter in Our Surroundings

Flashcards based on lecture notes about matter and its properties.

What is the definition of matter?

Anything which has mass and occupies space.

What are the particles of matter made of?

Particles.

What is a key characteristic of particles of matter?

They have space between them.

Name a characteristic of particles of matter regarding motion.

Particles of matter are continuously moving.

What type of force exists between particles of matter?

They attract each other.

How many states of matter are mentioned in the notes?

Five

Name one of the three states of matter discussed.

Solid

Name another one of the three states of matter discussed.

Liquid

Name the last of the three states of matter discussed.

Gas

Are solids rigid?

Yes, they are rigid.

Can solids be compressed?

No, they cannot be compressed.

Do solids have a definite volume?

Yes, they have definite volume.

Do solids have a definite shape?

Yes, they have definite shape.

Can solids flow?

No, they cannot flow.

Are liquids rigid?

No, they are not rigid.

Can liquids be compressed?

Yes, to a little extent.

Do liquids have a definite volume?

Yes, they have definite volume.

Do liquids have a definite shape?

No, they take the shape of the container.

How do liquids flow?

From higher level to lower level.

Are gases rigid?

No, they are not rigid at all.

Can gases be compressed?

Yes, they can be compressed easily.

Do gases have a definite volume?

No, they do not have definite volume.

Do gases have a definite shape?

No, they do not have definite shape.

In what direction do gases flow?

They flow in all directions.

What is one property used to compare solids, liquids, and gases?

Rigidity and compressibility

What is another property used to compare solids, liquids, and gases?

Volume and shape

What is a third property used to compare solids, liquids, and gases?

Fluidity

Are the particles of matter big or small?

Very small

What is the basis of the division of matter into different states?

Physical states

Which state of matter is slippery?

Liquids

What are the fundamental components of matter?

Particles

Give an example of matter.

Anything that occupies space and has mass.

Describe the movement of particles in matter.

Continuous and random motion.

Explain the interparticle space in solids.

Very little space between particles.

Explain the interparticle space in liquids.

More space compared to solids.

Explain the interparticle space in gases.

Large space between particles.

Describe the attractive forces in solids.

Strong attractive forces.

Describe the attractive forces in liquids.

Weaker attractive forces.

Describe the attractive forces in gases.

Negligible attractive forces.

What determines the state of matter?

Intermolecular forces and thermal energy.

Give an example of a substance in the solid state.

Ice

Give an example of a substance in the liquid state.

Water

Give an example of a substance in the gaseous state.

Air

How is compressibility related to intermolecular space?

Inversely related; more space, more compressible.

What is the impact of heat on the states of matter?

Can change the state from solid to liquid to gas.

Does the mass change during a change of state?

No, mass remains constant.

Define diffusion in matter.

Mixing of particles due to their movement.

How does the rate of diffusion vary between the states of matter?

Fastest in gases, slowest in solids.

What happens to the kinetic energy of particles with increasing temperature?

Kinetic energy increases.

How does temperature affect the rate of diffusion?

Higher temperature increases the rate of diffusion.