APUSH Unit Eight

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62 Terms

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Containment

US Cold War policy of preventing the spread of Communism through military force

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Pentagon Papers

Showed horror of the Vietnam War

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Watt Riots (1965)

Riots over the suspected police abuse of a Black man

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Feminine Mystique (1963)

Book that sparked second-wave feminism in the US

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SNCC (Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee)

Principal channel of student commitment in the United States civil rights movement

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Great Society

Lyndon B Johnson’s platform; aimed to eliminate racial injustice and poverty

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Head Start (1964)

Part of the Great Society; gave preschool children from families with low income a comprehensive program to help meet their needs

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Pentagon Papers (1971)

Revealed that the US had expanded its bombing of Southeast Asia, which hadn’t been reported by the media; led to the credibility gap

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Truman Doctrine (1947)

Promise to give aid to any country threatened by Communism

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Marshall Plan (1948)

Aid for European countries in an attempt to help them rebuild; helps them resist Communism

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NATO (1949)

Military alliance to resist Communist aggressions

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Warsaw Pact (1955)

USSR equivalent of NATO

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National Security Act (1947)

Centralized the department of defense, created the CIA, etc

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Taft-Harley Act (1947)

Made it more difficult to go on strike; had union members swear they were not Communists

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Federal Employee Loyalty and Security Program (1947)

Executive order that made federal employees swear that were not fascists or communists; allowed investigations

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Un American Activities Committee (1938)

Searched for Communists in culture

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Rosenburg Case (1951)

Rosenburgs accused of stealing nuclear bomb plans for the USSR; executed

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Hiss Case (1950)

Government official who was thought to be a Communist, although convicted on perjury; begged the question of how many high level officials are Communists?

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Serviceman Readjustment Act (1944)

Veterans could go to college for free and take out low interest loans

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Interstate Highway Act (1956)

Created highways which allowed for the suburbs to thrive

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GI Bill (1944)

Provided training, low interest loans, and other benefits to veterans

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Executive Order 9981 (1948)

Banned segregation in the military

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Civil Rights Commission (1957)

Collected and studied information on discrimination

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Brown v Board of Education (1954)

Overturned Plessy v Ferguson; desegregated schools

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Camp David Accords (1978)

Organized peace between Israel and Egypt

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Eisenhower Doctrine (1957)

Allowed Middle Eastern countries could request aid if they were threatened by armed aggression

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Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

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SEATO (1954)

Southeast treaty to defend against Communism

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Office of Economic Opportunity (1964)

Programs like literacy and vocational training was provided for impoverished Americas; limited effect due to all the money going to the Vietnam War

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Medicare (1965)

Federally funded health insurance for the olds

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Medicaid (1965)

Federally funded health insurance for those in poverty

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Civil Rights Act (1964)

Made discrimination based on race or religion illegal

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Voting Rights Act (1965)

Prohibited racial discrimination in the voting booth by outlawing literacy tests and poll taxes

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24th Amendment (1964)

Abolished poll taxes

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Roe v Wade (1973)

States couldn’t prevent abortion

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Self-Determination Act (1975)

Gave greater control to Natives over laws, education, and policing

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Environmental Protection Agency (1970)

Oversees polluters and regulates industries such as pesticides manufacturing

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Clean Air Act (1970)

Controlled air pollution

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Wilderness Act (1964)

Set aside federal lands from commercial economic development

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Bakke v UCLA (1978)

Declared minority quotas were unconstitutional

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Cold War (1947-1989)

A conflict between the US and USSR where neither engaged in open warfare

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Berlin Blockade (1948)

The USSR blocked supply lines in order to try to absorb Western Berlin

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Berlin Airlift (1948)

US flew in supplies to East Berlin; success

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Korean War (1950-1953)

Part of Containment; North Korea invaded South Korea

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Red Scare

Ah! Communism

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Bay of Pigs (1961)

Us tries to train Cuban exiles to overthrow the government; big fail

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Cuban Missile Crisis

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Gulf of Tonkin Resolution (1954)

Stemmed from the Gulf of Tonkin Incident; a blank check to use military power to protect US interests (1955)

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Montgomery Bus Boycott

Rosa Parks incited this & rise of MLK

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Sit-In Movement (196)

 Would sit at White only counters and demand to be served

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March on Washington (1963)

200,000 gathered at the Lincoln monument to protest against civil rights

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Occupation of Alcatraz (1969)

Natives had a treaty with the government that said they got abandoned land; Alcatraz was abandoned → stayed 19 months → Self-Determination Act

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Stonewall (1969)

Gathering in a gay bar (illegal) → resistance → marches and stuff

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Kent State Massacre (1970)

Students were protesting the Vietnam War but there was some looting → National Guard sent → protesters throw rocks → National Guard opens fire

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Three Mile Island (1979)

Nuclear plant partially melted down and released radioactive stuffs → scared of nuclear

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Watergate (1972)

Nixon’s reelection committee was caught breaking into the Watergate hotel where they attempted to bug and tap into phones in the Democratic Party’s headquarters

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Hollywood Ten (1947)

Singled out as Communists → forced to testify → refused → jail + blacklisted 

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Joseph McCarthy

Claimed to have the names of Communists in the State Department; no proof

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Jack Kerouac

Part of 1950s counter-culture; poems had a stream of consciousness like prose and rejected meter

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Little Rock Nine (1957)

Governor tried to prevent Black kids from entering a White school; federal guards sent to protect them

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Fidel Castro

Communist leader of Cuba

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Black Panthers

Militant Black rights group