Correlational research

(bio)

What are correlations used for

To assess the degree to which two co variables are related

Can use descriptive statistics like a scatter gram that is plotted to display correlation and show the strength of the correlation visually

What correlations are used for - strength

Looking at two variables to see the significance of their relationship allows us t have a tangible means of analysing the differences as opposed to how you would do it in experimental research

What correlations are used for - weakness

there can be third factors which are ignored when interpreting a correlation

lowers internal validity

What types of correlations are there

Positive:

Where both sets of data show the same trend (either both increase or decrease)

Negative:

One variable may increase, other decrease (opposes each other)

Types of correlations strength

Looking at nature of correlation makes it easier for scientists to make directional hypotheses in the future

Can be used to improve understanding of behaviour and inform future research which can be used to clarify understanding of what causes behaviour to potentially create treatments

Types of correlation weakness

Don’t show cause and effect relationship

Correlation coefficient

By using a correlation stats test, a correlation coefficient can be calculated

Shows the strength of the correlation between 1 and -1, the closer to 1 the stronger the correlation

+ = positive correlation

- = negative correlation

Spearman’s rho can be used

Correlation coefficient strength

Mathematical measure of strength

More precise and accurate measure of the correlation

Correlation coefficient weakness

Anomalies

Can cause coefficient to be inaccurate