Classical Conditioning and Operant Conditioning

These flashcards cover key concepts from the lecture on classical conditioning and operant conditioning.

Classical Conditioning

A learning process that occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly paired together.

Extinction

The process of reducing a conditioned response by repeatedly presenting the conditioned stimulus without the unconditioned stimulus.

Generalization

The tendency to respond to stimuli that resemble the original conditioned stimulus.

Second Order Conditioning

Conditioning that occurs when an existing conditioned stimulus serves as an unconditioned stimulus for a new conditioned stimulus.

Discrimination

The tendency to respond differently to stimuli that are similar but not identical.

Spontaneous Recovery

The increase in responding to the conditioned stimulus after a pause that follows extinction.

CS

Abbreviation for conditioned stimulus.

Positive Punishment

The addition of an unpleasant stimulus to decrease a behavior.

Positive Reinforcement

The addition of a pleasant stimulus to increase a behavior.

Negative Reinforcement

The removal of an unpleasant stimulus to increase a behavior.

Negative Punishment

The removal of a pleasant stimulus to decrease a behavior.

Law of Effect

The principle that responses that create a typically pleasant outcome in a particular situation are more likely to occur again, whereas responses that produce an unpleasant outcome are less likely to recur.