Year 9 Science - Semester 1

Flashcards that review the structure and function of the nervous system.

Body Systems

Groups of organs and tissues that work together to perform important jobs in the body.

Cell

A living thing

Organ

In an organism, a structure made of two or more different tissues which have a specialised function.

Tissue

In plants and animals, a group of cells that work together to do a specific job

System

Group of organs that work together to do a specific job.

Organism

Basic unit in living things

Stimuli

Changes in the environment.

Receptor

Detects changes in the environment.

Sense Organ

Specific organ that contains receptors to detect stimuli.

Photoreceptor

Rods and cones

Effector

Responds to a stimulus.

Voluntary Response

A response that is consciously controlled.

Involuntary Response

A response that occurs automatically.

Nervous System

Receives information from our senses and transmits signals to and from different parts of our body.

Peripheral Nervous System

Contains the Somatic, Autonomic, Sympathetic, and Parasympathetic divisions.

Central Nervous System

Contains the brain and spinal cord.

Neuron

Contains dendrites, a cell body, an axon, and axon terminal, and myelin sheath.

Types of Neurons

Contains sensory, inter, and motor neurons.

Glial Cells

Provide insulation, nutrients, and support for neural function, repair neurons and eliminate wastes.

Nerve

A bundle of many neurons.

Voluntary Responses

Uses the somatic division of the peripheral nervous system to choose how to respond to stimuli.

Involuntary Responses

Responses that form part of the autonomic nervous system or reflex actions.

Reflex actions

Uses a different pathway in our somatic division called the reflex arc.

Synapse

The space between neurons where neurotransmitters transmit electrical messages.

Neurotransmitters

Chemicals that transmit the electrical message from one neuron to another neuron across the synapse.

Central Nervous System

Main parts are the brain and spineal cord.