Test 3

Which of the following occurs during the concentric phase of the stretch shortening cycle?

Alpha motor neurons stimulate the agonist muscle group

Which of the following is an appropriate way to determine lower body plyometric volume?

Number of foot contacts

Which of the following represents the order of phases of the stretch-shortening cycle?

eccentric, amortization, concentric

Which of the following is the best recommendation for combining plyometric and resistance training in a single workout session?

High intensity lower body resistance training and low intensity upper body plyometrics

When programming lower body plyometrics for a novice, which plyometric exercise would be the most appropriate to start with?

Jumps in place

Plyometric exercise’s general rule says when __ increases, __ should decrease

Intensity, volume

Which is the likely limitation for a youth athlete’s inability to produce power during plyometric exercises?

Core strength

When a training team has a low training age (beginner / novice), which exercise would be the best choice in assessing lower body power?

Long jump

Which test is the most effective for testing speed?


1. Pro agility test
2. Star excursion test
3. 40 yard sprint
4. T test

3. 40 yard sprint

Which of the following statements is true:


1. Anaerobic power could be assessed using the vertical jump, and anaerobic capacity could be assessed using the 40 yard sprint because of the different energy system demands.
2. Anaerobic power could be assessed using the 1RM power clean, and anaerobic capacity could be assessed using the 300 yard shuttle because of the different energy system demands.
3. Anaerobic power and anaerobic capacity could be assessed using the same testing tool.
4. Anaerobic power is assessed by tests that utilize high / max force at low speed, while anaerobic capacity is max power between 30 and 90 seconds of effort.

2. Anaerobic power could be assessed using the 1RM power clean, and anaerobic capacity could be assessed using the 300 yard shuttle because of the different energy system demands.

What is the energy test discussed in class that is used at the NFL combine?

Pro agility test

What sports team is most likely to use the Yo Yo Intermittent Recovery test to measure their fitness?

Soccer

What is the descriptive statistic in which the score occurs with the greatest frequency?

mode

Which of the following exercises is the least likely to be chosen from assessing muscular strength?


1. Deadlift
2. Bench pull
3. Clean & jerk
4. Bench press

3. Clean and jerk

When comparing the contract-relax and hold-relax with agonist PNF stretches, what is a major difference between these two stretches?

During the contract relax PNF stretch, the middle phase includes a concentric muscle action through the full range of motion

True or false: Resistance training reduces one’s flexibility.

False

Which type of stretching best utilizes neuromuscular proprioceptive feedback to increase flexibility?

PNF

Precautions for dynamic stretching include:


1. Move progressively through the range of motion
2. Move deliberately, but without bouncing
3. Do not compromise good technique
4. All of the above

All of the above

In order for the quadriceps muscle group to perform leg extensions, the hamstring muscle group must relax. This is called:

Reciprocal inhibition

The best time to perform static stretching as a part of flexibility training is:

after a general warm up

During which phase of the RAMP protocol would it be best to include dynamic stretching?

Activate

Compared to novice sprinters / runners, elite athletes have:

Greater stride length at maximal velocity

One of the key training points to work to improve one’s ability to change direction is:

Reduce ground contact time

Which adaptation occurs in response to speed and agility training?

Increase rate of neural drive

The ability to produce force:

Strength

Which type of athletes have the ability to produce the most force over longer periods of time or at slower speeds of movement?

Strength trained

The ability to develop maximal force in a minimal amount of time is defined as:

Rate of force development

Change in velocity, respective of time, refers to:

Acceleration

Usain Bolt was a sprinting anomaly due to his:

Stride length

A primary goal of plyometric exercise training is to:

Reduce amortization time

In preparation for testing the athletes of the UNCC women’s soccer team, the S&C staff compiles a list of constructs that are important to performance and then ranks the order from most important to least important. The staff then carefully chooses assessments that accurately evaluates each of these constructs. This is an example of:

Content validity

Which of the following contributes to the validity of a test?


1. Emulate the energy system used in performance
2. Emulate the important movement patterns of the sport
3. The test should be appropriate for the athlete’s skill level
4. The test should be the same for all ages and sexes

1, 2, 3

If an athlete’s test results are high one day and low another day, assuming the test conditions and athlete effort are the same, which aspect of the test quality appears to be compromised?

Reliability

During a battery of assessment, 2 raters are timing the 40 yard sprint. There happens to be a 1 second difference in time, which is a lot, when Tim ran. This inconsistency between raters defines:

Interrater reliability

After 5 years of testing and analyzing data from basketball players, you determined that the athletes with the greatest vertical jump height have the best shooting percentage. This is an example of:

Predictive validity

Periodic reevaluation based on mid test administration during the training at regular intervals is known as:

Formative evaluation

Which type of criterion referenced validity describes the ability for a test to distinguish between different constructs?

Discriminant

True or false: athletes should not know when they will be tested to make sure that they are adhering to the training program.

false

An athlete is able to identify that the backsquat 1RM test is being used to test her maximum lower body strength. This is an example of:

Face validity

What is the most likely limitation for a youth athlete’s inability to produce power during plyometric exercise?

Core strength

Which factor does not affect the intensity of lower body plyometric drills?

Stretch shortening cycle

An athletes is 6’5 and 285 lbs. Choose the most appropriate plyometric drill for this athlete.


1. 12 inch box jump
2. 12 inch hurdle jump
3. 12 inch depth jump
4. Split squat jump

1. 12 inch box jump

During the hold-relax PNF stretch, how long is the initial passive stretch phase?

10 seconds

Which of the following explains the increased range of motion during the hold-relax with agonist contraction PNF stretch?


1. Cross muscle inhibition
2. Autogenic and reciprocal inhibition
3. Autogenic inhibition

2. Autogenic and reciprocal inhibition

Why is the hold-relax PNF stretch an effective way to increase range of motion?

Autogenic inhibition mediated by the golgi tendon organs of the muscle under stretch

Which assessment would be best to determine the flexibility in an Olympic weightlifter?


1. overhead squat
2. modified sit and reach
3. sit and reach

1. Overhead squat

Which of the following assessments could be removed from a testing battery because of redundancy? Testing battery: skinfolds, T test, pro agility test, vertical jump, 300 yard shuttle, 1.5 mile run


1. vertical jump
2. 300 yard shuttle
3. pro agility test

3. pro agility test

Which sports team is most likely to use the 300 yard shuttle to measure their fitness?

Lacrosse

A college volleyball coach would like to know which of her players has the most muscular power. Which of the following is the most valid assessment of muscular power for this type of athlete?


1. 1RM back squat
2. vertical jump
3. deadlift
4. power clean

2. vertical jump

A fundamental goal of speed and agility training is to


1. Produce maximal force regardless of time
2. increase force production at slow speeds
3. Increase the rate of force development

3. Increase the rate of force development

True or false: Body mass index is a fast and valid measure for assessing body composition.

False

After 16 weeks of a training plan, you retest all athletes. Which type of statistic would be useful for determining how effective the training plan was?


1. Range
2. Z score
3. Effect size

3. Effect size

Upon completion of the entire protocol for the 300 yard shuttle run, how much total distance is covered?


1. 600 yards
2. 450 yards
3. 300 yards

3. 300 yards

True or false: Scientific evidence suggests that stretching exercises do not reduce muscle soreness.

True

What structure detects a rapid change in length and initiates the stretch reflex?


1. extrafusal muscle fiber
2. muscle spindle
3. pacinian corpuscle
4. golgi tendon organ

2. muscle spindle

Sprinting is defined as maximal effort of


1. 12 seconds or less
2. 15 seconds or less
3. 10 seconds or less

2. 15 seconds or less

During the maximal velocity phase of the sprint, the torso should be


1. kept rigid to reduce energy consumption
2. angled down and forward to reduce drag
3. mostly upright, in line with the hips

3. mostly upright, in line with the hips

True or false: a person just beginning a resistance training program should have a higher frequency of resistance training sessions per week compared to intermediate and advanced athletes. This facilitates neuromuscular adaptation.

False