A. Molecules (Water)

Transport of materials in plants

The process by which water and minerals absorbed by roots reach the leaves.

• mineral ions are transported in xylem sap

• sucrose and products of photosynthesis transport to phloemsap

covalant bond

Atoms share electrons to reach a stable state

Role of water in transport of blood

Many different enzymes and molecules are soluble to water, allowing them to dissolve and be taken to blood plasma

Formation of first cells

Small volume of water enclosed in a membrane, substances dissolved led to chemical reactions, molecules dissolved, moved around and interacted leading to creation of life

Cohesion

Attraction between molecules of the same substance (water to water)

Surface tension

Greater attraction between water molecules than air particles leads to animals/objects being able to not sink

Adhesion

An attraction between molecules of different substances (surface + water)

Capillary Action

the attraction of the surface of a liquid to the surface of a solid to allow movement through narrow tubes

Hydrophilic

Attracted to water

Hydrophobic

Substances not chemically attracted to water (non polar and no charge)

Hydrogen bond

The attraction of hydrogen between two polar molecules (slightly positive hydrogen + slightly negative)

Metabolism with water

As a cytoplasm is aqueous with a solvent of water, water allows enzymes to dissolve and interact to make chemical reactions. These catalyze into a metabolism

Water is a

aqueous solution

Aqueous solutions

solutions in which water is the solvent

Which solvents allow the movement of solutes

Blood plasma, xylem, and phloem sap

Xylem

transports H20

Phloem

transport sugars

What is xylem and phloem sap

Vessels in the plant

Buoyancy

Object immersed in fluid will exert an upward force

Rules of buoyancy

Object with less density —> force of buoyancy is greater and gravity is lower

Object with higher density —> force of buoyancy