Global citizenship - goverments and democracy

democracy

When power in a country lies with the people, who can vote to elect their leaders. (mainly for voting)

Representative Democracy

When you elect one person to speak for everyone in that area.

direct democracy

When the votes go straight from the people to the government

authoritarians

The enforcement of strict obedience

dictatorship

A form of government in which the leader has absolute power and authority.

sovereignty

the supreme and absolute authority within territorial boundaries

international relations

dealings between nations around the world

the state

a nation or territory considered as an organized political community under one government.

nation state

a sovereign state whose citizens or subjects are relatively homogeneous in factors such as language or common descent.

power

the ability of one person to get another person to act or more authority over them

globalisation

The increasing integration of economies and societies around the world particularly through international trade

goverance

the action or manner of governing

Legitmacy

Political authority conferred by law or by a state or national constitution

transparency in governments

Holding authorities for their actions

accountability

ability to answer for one's own actions

rule of law

principle that the law applies to everyone, even those who govern

Rule by law

recognition that laws exist and all are subject to them equally

human rights

the basic rights to which all people are entitled as human beings

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)

Adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 1948, this declaration defines a "common standard of achievement for all peoples" and forms the foundation of modern human rights law.

basic rights

Fundamental rights such as life, liberty, and property.

civil rights

the rights of citizens to political and social freedom and equality.

political rights

Allow citizens to participate in the political process; due process of law, serve on juries, seek and hold public office.

Social/Cultural Rights

These are rights that allow people to sustain themselves in how they preserve and develop their own culture and cultural identity.

economic rights

Those rights essential to citizens that allow them to earn a living, to acquire and transfer property, and to produce, buy, and sell goods and services in free markets.

universal rights

rights for every human being

international law

The law that governs relations among nations.

the role of the united nations

United Nations and its agencies collectively work to promote global health and sustainable development by promoting world peace and security, supporting human rights, providing humanitarian assistance and promoting social and economic development.

Responsibility To Protect (R2P)

Principle adopted by world leaders in 2005 holding governments responsible for protecting civilians from genocide and crimes against humanity perpetrated within a sovereign state

intervention

getting involved in a situation to change what is happening

non-intervention

The principle that states should not interfere in the internal affairs of other states.

humanitarian aid

Foreign aid extended in regions where there are emergencies caused by violent conflicts or natural disasters such as floods, earthquakes and tsunamis, intended to save lives, ensure access to basic necessities and provide assistance with reconstruction.